Except this rock, which is only accessible to birds, we did not find an island on which people were not seen.  At noon, we observed, in latitude 17 deg. 18’ 30”; longitude, made from Port Sandwich, 45’ E. In this situation, the Monument bore N. 16 deg.  E. distant two miles; Twohills bore N. 25 deg.  W. distant two miles, and in a line with the S.W. part of Threehills; and the islands to the south extended from S. 16 deg. 30’ E. to S. 42 deg.  W.

Continuing our course to the south, at five p.m. we drew near the southern lands, which we found to consist of one large island, whose southern and western extremities extended beyond our sight, and three or four smaller ones lying off its north side.  The two northernmost are much the largest, have a good height, and lie in the direction of E. by S. and W. by N. from each other, distant two leagues; I named the one Montagu and the other Hinchinbrook, and the large island Sandwich, in honour of my noble patron the Earl of Sandwich.  Seeing broken water ahead, between Montagu and Hinchinbrook isles, we tacked; and soon after it fell calm.  The calm continued till seven o’-clock the next morning, when it was succeeded by a breeze from the westward.  During the calm, having been carried by the currents and a S.E. swell, four leagues to the W.N.W., we passed Hinchinbrook Isle, saw the western extremity of Sandwich Island, bearing S.S.W., about five leagues distant, and at the same time discovered a small island to the west of this direction.  After getting the westerly breeze, I steered S.E. in order to pass between Montagu Isle and the north end of Sandwich Island.  At noon we were in the middle of the channel, and observed in latitude 17 deg. 31’ S. The distance from one island to the other is about four or five miles; but the channel is not much above half that breadth, being contracted by breakers.  We had no soundings in it with a line of forty fathoms.

As we passed Montagu Isle several people came down to the sea-side, and, by signs, seemed to invite us ashore.  Some were also seen on Sandwich Island, which exhibited a most delightful prospect, being spotted with woods and lawns, agreeably diversified over the whole surface.  It hath a gentle slope from the hills, which are of a moderate height, down to the sea coast.  This is low, and guarded by a chain of breakers, so that there is no approaching it at this part.  But more to the west, beyond Hinchinbrook Island, there seemed to run in a bay sheltered from the reigning winds.  The examining it not being so much an object, with me as the getting to the south, in order to find the southern extremity of the Archipelago, with this view I steered S.S.E., being the direction of the coast of Sandwich Island.  We had but just got through the passage, before the west wind left us to variable light airs and calms; so that we were apprehensive of being carried back again by the currents, or rather of being obliged to return, in order to avoid being driven on the shoals, as there was no anchorage, a line of an hundred and sixty fathoms not reaching to the bottom.  At length a breeze springing up at S.W. we stood to S.E., and at sun-set the Monument bore N. 14 deg. 30’ W., and Montagu Island N. 28 deg.  W. distant three leagues.  We judged we saw the S.E. extremity of Sandwich Island, bearing about S. by E.