being two miles broad, safe, and without soundings.  While we were in the passage, we had little wind and calms.  This gave time for a large sailing double canoe, which had been following us all the day, as well as some others with paddles, to come up with us.  I had now an opportunity to verify a thing I was before in doubt about, which was, whether or no some of these canoes did not, in changing tacks, only shift the sail, and so proceed with that end foremost, which before was the stern.  The one we now saw wrought in this manner.  The sail is latteen, extending to a latteen yard above, and to a boom at the foot; in one word, it is like a whole mizzen, supposing the whole foot to be extended to a boom.  The yard is slung nearly in the middle, or upon an equipoise.  When they change tacks they throw the vessel up in the wind, ease off the sheet, and bring the heel or tack-end of the yard to the other end of the boat, and the sheet in like manner; there are notches, or sockets, at each end of the vessel in which the end of the yard fixes.  In short, they work just as those do at the Ladrone Islands, according to Mr Walter’s description*.  When they want to sail large, or before the wind, the yard is taken out of the socket and squared.  It most be observed, that all their sailing vessels are not rigged to sail in the same manner.  Some, and those of the largest size, are rigged, so as to tack about.  These have a short but pretty stout mast, which steps on a kind of roller that is fixed to the deck near the fore-part.  It is made to lean or incline very much forward; the head is forked; on the two points of which the yard rests, as on two pivots, by means of two strong cleats of wood secured to each side of the yard, at about one-third its length from the tack or heel, which, when under sail, is confined down between the two canoes, by means of two strong ropes, one to and passing through a hole at the head of each canoe; for it must be observed, that all the sailing vessels of this sort are double.  The tack being thus fixed, it is plain that, in changing tacks, the vessels must be put about; the sail and boom on the one tack will be clear of the mast, and on the other it will lie against it, just as a whole mizzen.  However, I am not sure if they do not sometimes unlace that part of the sail from the yard which is between the tack and mast-head, and so shift both sail and boom leeward of the mast.  The drawings which Mr Hodges made of these vessels seem to favour this supposition.  The outriggers and ropes used for shrowds, etc. are all stout and strong.  Indeed, the sail, yard, and boom, are all together of such an enormous weight, that strength is required.

[* See Lord Anson’s Voyage.]

The summit of Amattafoa was hid in the clouds the whole day, so that we were not able to determine with certainty whether there was a volcano or no; but every thing we could see concurred to make us believe there was.  This island is about five leagues in circuit.  Oghao is not so much; but more round and peaked.  They lie in the direction of N.N.W. 1/2 W. from Anamocka, eleven or twelve leagues distant; they are both inhabited, but neither of them seemed fertile.