While left alone with them, he was not long in observing some things tending to heighten his first impressions; but surprise was lost in pity, both for the Spaniards and blacks, alike evidently reduced from scarcity of water and provisions; while long-continued suffering seemed to have brought out the less good-natured qualities of the negroes, besides, at the same time, impairing the Spaniard’s authority over them.  But, under the circumstances, precisely this condition of things was to have been anticipated.  In armies, navies, cities, or families, in nature herself, nothing more relaxes good order than misery.  Still, Captain Delano was not without the idea, that had Benito Cereno been a man of greater energy, misrule would hardly have come to the present pass.  But the debility, constitutional or induced by hardships, bodily and mental, of the Spanish captain, was too obvious to be overlooked.  A prey to settled dejection, as if long mocked with hope he would not now indulge it, even when it had ceased to be a mock, the prospect of that day, or evening at furthest, lying at anchor, with plenty of water for his people, and a brother captain to counsel and befriend, seemed in no perceptible degree to encourage him.  His mind appeared unstrung, if not still more seriously affected.  Shut up in these oaken walls, chained to one dull round of command, whose unconditionality cloyed him, like some hypochondriac abbot he moved slowly about, at times suddenly pausing, starting, or staring, biting his lip, biting his finger-nail, flushing, paling, twitching his beard, with other symptoms of an absent or moody mind.  This distempered spirit was lodged, as before hinted, in as distempered a frame.  He was rather tall, but seemed never to have been robust, and now with nervous suffering was almost worn to a skeleton.  A tendency to some pulmonary complaint appeared to have been lately confirmed.  His voice was like that of one with lungs half gone—­hoarsely suppressed, a husky whisper.  No wonder that, as in this state he tottered about, his private servant apprehensively followed him.  Sometimes the negro gave his master his arm, or took his handkerchief out of his pocket for him; performing these and similar offices with that affectionate zeal which transmutes into something filial or fraternal acts in themselves but menial; and which has gained for the negro the repute of making the most pleasing body-servant in the world; one, too, whom a master need be on no stiffly superior terms with, but may treat with familiar trust; less a servant than a devoted companion.

Marking the noisy indocility of the blacks in general, as well as what seemed the sullen inefficiency of the whites it was not without humane satisfaction that Captain Delano witnessed the steady good conduct of Babo.