The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 72, October, 1863 eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 316 pages of information about The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 72, October, 1863.

The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 72, October, 1863 eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 316 pages of information about The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 72, October, 1863.
how he ought to have taken it?  Judging from some observations in Horace Walpole’s “Correspondence,” the English, though surfeited with victory, were much pleased with their Cuban conquest.  Sir Joseph Yorke, writing on the 9th of October, ten days after the news had reached England, says,—­“All the world is struck with the noble capture of the Havana, which fell into our hands on the Prince of Wales’s birthday, as a just punishment upon the Spaniards for their unjust quarrel with us, and for the supposed difficulties they have raised in the negotiations for peace.”  Those negotiations had been openly commenced in less than a month after the fall of the Havana, and some weeks before news of that brilliant event had reached Europe.  The terms of the treaty of peace were speedily settled, one of the stipulations being, that Spain should preserve her old limits; and, “moreover,” says Earl Stanhope, “it was agreed that any conquests that might meanwhile have been made by any of the parties in any quarter of the globe, but which were not yet known, (words comprising at that period of the negotiation both the Havana and the Philippines,) should be restored without compensation.”  Had the preliminary articles been signed at once, the Spaniards would have recovered all they had lost in Cuba, without further trouble or cost; but their negotiator, the celebrated Grimaldi, was so confident that the invaders of Cuba would be beaten, that he played the waiting game, and was beaten himself.  When intelligence of English success arrived at Paris, where the treaty was making, Grimaldi was suddenly found as ready to sign as formerly he had been backward; but now the English negotiator, the Duke of Bedford, became backward in his turn, as representing the unwillingness of his Government to give up the Havana without an equivalent.  Lord Bute would have given up the conquest without a word said, but all his colleagues were not so blind to the advantages which that conquest had placed at the command of England; and finally it was agreed that the Duke of Bedford should demand the cession of Florida or Porto Rico as the price of the restoration of that portion of Cuba which was in English hands.  The Spaniards gladly complied with the British demand, and gave Florida in exchange for Cuba.  At one time it was supposed that the victory of Albemarle and Pocock would lead to the continuance of the war.  Horace Walpole wrote to his friend Conway that the Havana was more likely to break off the peace than to advance it, and that the English were not in a humor to give up the world, but were much more disposed to conquer the rest of it.  He added, “We shall have some cannonading here, I believe, if we sign the peace.”  But the King and the Premier were peace-at-any-price men, and the way to their purpose was smoothed completely; yet Lord Bute wrote to the Duke of Bedford, on the 24th of October, “Such is the change made here by the conquest of the Havana, that I solemnly declare,
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The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 12, No. 72, October, 1863 from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.