What, then, did the evangelist desire to make prominent by the genealogy? The first verse answers the question. We need not discuss whether the title, ‘The book of the generations of Jesus Christ,’ applies to the table of descent only, or to the whole chapter. The former seems the more probable conclusion, but the point to note is that two facts are made prominent in the title; viz. that Jesus was a true Jew, ‘forasmuch as He also is a son of Abraham,’ and was the true king of Israel, being the ‘Son of David,’ of whom prophets had spoken such great things. If we would take in the full significance of Matthew’s starting-point, we must set by the side of it those of the other three evangelists. Mark plunges at once, without preface or allusion to earlier days, into the stir and stress of Christ’s work, slightly touching on the preliminaries of John’s mission, the baptism and temptation, and hurrying on to the call of the fishermen, and the busy scenes on the Sabbath in Capernaum. Luke has his genealogy as well as Matthew, but, in accordance with his universalistic, humanist tone, he traces the descent from far behind Abraham, even to ’Adam, which was the son of God,’ and he works in the reverse order to Matthew, going upwards from Joseph instead of downwards to him. John soars high above all earthly birth, and begins away back in the Eternities before the world was, for his theme is not so much the son of Joseph who was the son of David and the son of Abraham, or the son of Adam who was the son of God, as the Eternal ‘Word’ who ‘was with God,’ and entered into history and time when He ‘became flesh.’ We must take all these points of view together if we would understand any of them, for they are not contradictory, but complementary.
The purpose of Matthew’s genealogy is further brought out by its symmetrical arrangement into three groups of fourteen generations each—an arrangement not arrived at without some free manipulating of the links. The sacred number is doubled in each case, which implies eminent completeness. Each of the three groups makes a whole in which a tendency runs out to its goal, and becomes, as it were, the starting-point for a new epoch. So the first