His next employment was that of waiter on board a steam-boat plying on the Mississippi.  Here his occupation again was pleasant, and his treatment good; but the freedom of action enjoyed by the passengers in travelling whithersoever they pleased, contrasted strongly in his mind with his own deprivation of will as a slave.  The natural result of this comparison was an intense desire for freedom—­a feeling which was never afterwards eradicated from his breast.  This love of liberty was, however, so strongly counteracted by affection for his mother and sisters, that although urgently entreated by one of the latter to take advantage of his present favourable opportunity for escape, he would not bring himself to do so at the expense of a separation for life from his beloved relatives.

His period of living on board the steamer having expired, he was again remitted to field labour, under a burning sun.  From that labour, from which he suffered severely, he was soon removed to the lighter and more agreeable occupation of house-waiter to his master.  About this time Dr. Young, in the conventional phraseology of the locality, “got religion.”  The fruit of his alleged spiritual gain, was the loss of many material comforts to the slaves.  Destitute of the resources of education, they were in the habit of employing their otherwise unoccupied minds on the Sunday in fishing and other harmless pursuits; these were now all put an end to.  The Sabbath became a season of dread to William:  he was required to drive the family to and from the church, a distance of four miles either way; and while they attended to the salvation of their souls within the building, he was compelled to attend to the horses without it, standing by them during divine service under a burning sun, or drizzling rain.  Although William did not get the religion of his master, he acquired a family passion which appears to have been strongly intermixed with the devotional exercises of the household of Dr. Young—­a love of sweet julep.  In the evening, the slaves were required to attend family worship.  Before commencing the service, it was the custom to hand a pitcher of the favourite beverage to every member of the family, not excepting the nephew, a child of between four and five years old.  William was in the habit of watching his opportunity during the prayer and helping himself from the pitcher, but one day letting it fall, his propensity for this intoxicating drink was discovered, and he was severely punished for its indulgence.

In 1830, being then about sixteen years of age, William was hired to a slave-dealer named Walker.  This change of employment led the youth away south and frustrated, for a time, his plans for escape.  His experience while in this capacity furnishes some interesting, though painful, details of the legalized traffic in human beings carried on in the United States.  The desperation to which the slaves are driven at their forced separation from husband, wife, children, and kindred, he found to be a frequent cause of suicide.  Slave-dealers he discovered were as great adepts at deception in the sale of their commodity as the most knowing down-easter, or tricky horse dealer.  William’s occupation on board the steamer, as they steamed south, was to prepare the stock for the market, by shaving off whiskers and blacking the grey hairs with a colouring composition.