By the same method the place of any Star in the Primitive Sphere may readily be found, counting backwards one Sign, 6 deg.. 29’. from the Longitude which it had in the end of the year of our Lord 1689. So the Longitude of the first Star of Aries in the end of the year 1689 was [Aries]. 28 deg.. 51’. as above: count backward 1 Sign, 6 deg.. 29’. and its Longitude, counted from the Equinox in the middle of the Constellation of Aries, in the time of the Argonautic expedition, will be [Pisces]. 22 deg.. 22’: and by the same way of arguing, the Longitude of the Lucida Pleiadum in the time of the Argonautic Expedition will be [Aries]. 19 deg.. 26’. 8”: and the Longitude of Arcturus [Virgo]. 13 deg.. 24’. 52”: and so of any other Stars.
After the Argonautic Expedition we hear no more of Astronomy ’till the days of Thales: He [77] revived Astronomy, and wrote a book of the Tropics and Equinoxes, and predicted Eclipses; and Pliny [78] tells us, that he determined the Occasus Matutinus of the Pleiades to be upon the 25th day after the Autumnal Equinox: and thence [79] Petavius computes the Longitude of the Pleiades in [Aries]. 23 deg.. 53’: and by consequence the Lucida Pleiadum had, since the Argonautic Expedition, moved from the Equinox 4 deg.. 26’. 52”: and this motion, after the rate of 72 years to a Degree, answers to 320 years: count these years back from the time in which Thales was a young man fit to apply himself to Astronomical Studies, that is from about the 41st Olympiad, and the reckoning will place the Argonautic Expedition about 44 years after the death of Solomon, as above: and in the days of Thales, the Solstices and Equinoxes, by this reckoning, will have been in the middle of the eleventh Degrees of the Signs. But Thales, in publishing his book about the Tropics and Equinoxes, might lean a little to the opinion of former Astronomers, so as to place them in the twelfth Degrees of the Signs.
Meton and Euctemon, [80] in order to publish the Lunar Cycle of nineteen years, observed the Summer Solstice in the year of Nabonassar 316, the year before the Peloponnesian war began; and Columella [81] tells us that they placed it in the eighth Degree of Cancer, which is at least seven Degrees backwarder than at first. Now the Equinox, after the rate of a Degree in Seventy and two years, goes backwards seven Degrees in 504 years: count backwards those years from the 316th year of Nabonassar, and the Argonautic Expedition will fall upon the 44th year after the death of Solomon, or thereabout, as above. And thus you see the truth of what we cited above out of Achilles Tatius; viz. that some anciently placed the Solstice in the eighth Degree of Cancer, others about the twelfth Degree, and others about the fifteenth Degree thereof.