“Great nations, then, are separately formed in each of these areas, circumscribed by nature within natural limits.  Each has its religion, its social principles, its civilization severally.  But nature, as we have seen, has separated them; little intercourse is established between them; the social principle on which they are founded is exhausted by the very formation of the social state they enjoy, and is never renewed.  A common life is wanting to them:  they do not reciprocally share with each other their riches.  With them movement is stopped:  every thing becomes stable and tends to remain stationary.

“Meantime, in spite of the peculiar seal impressed on each of these Oriental nations by the natural conditions in the midst of which they live, they have, nevertheless some grand characteristics common to all, some family traits that betray the nature of the continent and the period of human progress to which they belong, making them known on the one side as Asiatic, and on the other side as primitive."[56]

Is it asked what caused the decline of all this glory of the primitive Negro? why this people lost their position in the world’s history?  Idolatry!  Sin![57]

Centuries have flown apace, tribes have perished, cities have risen and fallen, and even empires, whose boast was their duration, have crumbled, while Thebes and Meroe stood.  And it is a remarkable fact, that the people who built those cities are less mortal than their handiwork.  Notwithstanding their degradation, their woes and wrongs, the perils of the forest and dangers of the desert, this remarkable people have not been blotted out.  They still live, and are multiplying in the earth.  Certainly they have been preserved for some wise purpose, in the future to be unfolded.

But, again, what was the cause of the Negro’s fall from his high state of civilization?  It was forgetfulness of God, idolatry!  “Righteousness exalteth a nation; but sin is a reproach to any people.”

The Negro tribes of Africa are as widely separated by mental, moral, physical, and social qualities as the Irish, Huns, Copts, and Druids are.  Their location on the Dark Continent, their surroundings, and the amount of light that has come to them from the outside world, are the thermometer of their civilization.  It is as manifestly improper to call all Africans Negroes as to call, Americans Indians.

“The Negro nations of Africa differ widely as to their manner of life and their characters, both of mind and body, in different parts of that continent, according as they have existed under different moral and physical conditions.  Foreign culture, though not of a high degree, has been introduced among the population of some regions; while from others it has been shut out by almost impenetrable barriers, beyond which