Settlement of New York by the Dutch in 1609.—­Negroes introduced into the Colony, 1628.—­The Trade in Negroes increased.—­Tobacco exchanged for Slaves and Merchandise.—­Government of the Colony.—­New Netherland falls into the Hands of the English, Aug. 27, 1664.—­Various Changes.—­New Laws adopted.—­Legislation.—­First Representatives elected in 1683.—­In 1702 Queen Anne instructs the Royal Governor in Regard to the Importation of Slaves.—­Slavery Restrictions.—­Expedition to effect the Conquest of Canada unsuccessful.—­Negro Riot.—­Suppressed by the Efficient Aid of Troops.—­Fears of the Colonists.—­Negro Plot of 1741.—­The Robbery of Hogg’s House.—­Discovery of a Portion of the Goods.—­The Arrest of Hughson, his Wife, and Irish Peggy.—­Crimination and Recrimination.—­The Breaking-out of Numerous Fires.—­The Arrest of Spanish Negroes.—­The Trial of Hughson.—­Testimony of Mary Burton.—­Hughson hanged.—­The Arrest of Many Others implicated in the Plot.—­The Hanging of Caesar and Prince.—­Quack and Cuffee burned at the Stake.—­The Lieutenant-Governor’s Proclamation.—­Many White Persons accused of being Conspirators.—­Description of Hughson’s Manner of swearing those having Knowledge of the Plot.—­Conviction and Hanging of the Catholic Priest Ury.—­The Sudden and Unexpected Termination of the Trial.—­New Laws more stringent toward Slaves adopted. 134

CHAPTER XIV.

The colony of Massachusetts.

1633-1775.

The Earliest Mentions of Negroes in Massachusetts.—­Pequod Indians exchanged for Negroes.—­Voyage of the Slave Ship “Desire” in 1638—­Fundamental Laws adopted.—­Hereditary Slavery—­Kidnapping Negroes—­Growth of Slavery in the Seventeenth Century—­Taxation of Slaves—­Introduction of Indian Slaves prohibited.—­The Position of the Church respecting the Baptism of Slaves—­Slave Marriage—­Condition of Free Negroes—­Phillis Wheatley the African Poetess.—­Her Life—­Slavery recognized in England in Order to be maintained in the Colonies—­The Emancipation of Slaves.—­Legislation favoring the Importation of White Servants, but prohibiting the Clandestine bringing-in of Negroes.—­Judge Sewall’s Attack on Slavery.—­Judge Saffin’s Reply to Judge Sewall. 172

CHAPTER XV.

The colony of Massachusetts,—­continued.

1633-1775.

The Era of Prohibitory Legislation against Slavery.—­Boston instructs her Representatives to vote against the Slave-Trade.—­Proclamation issued by Gov.  Dummer against the Negroes, April 13, 1723.—­Persecution of the Negroes.—­“Suing for Liberty.”—­Letter of Samuel Adams to John Pickering, jun., on Behalf of Negro Memorialists.—­A Bill for the Suppression of the Slave-Trade passes.—­Is vetoed by Gov.  Gage, and fails to become a Law. 220

CHAPTER XVI.