the opinion that the zeal of the magistrates had not been “according to knowledge.”  For they could not have failed to remember that the Negroes were considered heathen, and, therefore, not sworn by the court; that they were not allowed counsel; that the evidence was indirect, contradictory, and malicious, while the trials were hasty and unfair.  From the 11th of May to the 29th of August, one hundred and fifty-four Negroes were cast into prison; fourteen of whom were burnt, eighteen hanged, seventy-one transported, and the remainder pardoned.  During the same space of time twenty-four whites were committed to prison; four of whom were executed, and the remainder discharged.  The number arrested was one hundred and seventy-eight, thirty-six executed, and seventy-one transported!  What a terrible tragedy committed in the name of law and Christian government!  Mary Burton, the Judas Iscariot of the period, received her hundred pounds as the price of the blood she had caused to be shed; and the curtain fell upon one of the most tragic events in all the history of New York or of the civilized world.[258]

The legislature turned its attention to additional legislation upon the slavery question.  Severe laws were passed against the Negroes.  Their personal rights were curtailed until their condition was but little removed from that of the brute creation.  We have gone over the voluminous records of the Province of New York, and have not found a single act calculated to ameliorate the condition of the slave.[259] He was hated, mistrusted, and feared.  Nothing was done, of a friendly character, for the slave in the Province of New York, until threatening dangers from without taught the colonists the importance of husbanding all their resources.  The war between the British colonies in North America and the mother country gave the Negro an opportunity to level, by desperate valor, a mountain of prejudice, and wipe out with his blood the dark stain of 1741.  History says he did it.

FOOTNOTES: 

[215] Brodhead’s History of New York, vol. i. p. 184.

[216] O’Callaghan’s History of New Netherlands, pp. 384, 385.

[217] Brodhead, vol. i. p. 194.

[218] Ibid, vol. i. pp. 196, 197.

[219] Dunlap’s History of New York, vol. i. p, 58.

[220] O’Callaghan, p. 385.

[221] Van Tienhoven.

[222] Hildreth, vol. i. p. 441; also Hol.  Doc., III. p. 351.

[223] Annals of Albany, vol. ii. pp. 55-60.

[224] O’Callaghan, p. 353.  N.Y.  Col.  Docs., vol. ii, pp. 368, 369.

[225] Brodhead, vol. i. p. 697.

[226] Brodhead, vol. i. p. 746.

[227] Ibid., vol. i. p. 748.

[228] Valentine’s Manual for 1861, pp. 640-664.

[229] New York Hist.  Coll., vol. i. pp. 322, 323.

[230] Journals of Legislative Council, vol. i. p xii.

[231] Bradford’s Laws, p. 125.