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DEFECTIVE VERBS.

Defective Verbs lack certain forms.  The following are the most important:—­

133.  USED MAINLY IN THE PERFECT SYSTEM.

Coepi, Memini, Odi,
I have I remember_. I hate.
begun._

INDICATIVE MOOD.
Perf.     coepi.          memini.         odi.
Plup.     coeperam.       memineram.      oderam.
Fut.  P.   coepero.        meminero.       odero.

SUBJUNCTIVE.
Perf.     coeperim.       meminerim.      oderim.
Pluf.     coepissem.      meminissem.     odissem.

IMPERATIVE.
Sing. memento; Plur. mementote.

INFINITIVE.
Perf.     coepisse.       meminisse.      odisse.
Fut.      coepturus esse.                 osurus esse.

PARTICIPLE.
Perf.     coeptus, begun.               osus.
Fut.      coepturus.                      osurus.

1.  When coepi governs a Passive Infinitive it usually takes the form coeptus est; as, amari coeptus est, he began to be loved.

2.  Note that memini and odi, though Perfect in form, are Present in sense.  Similarly the Pluperfect and Future Perfect have the force of the Imperfect and Future; as, memineram, I remembered; odero, I shall hate.

134.  Inquam, I say (inserted between words of a direct quotation)

INDICATIVE MOOD. 
SINGULAR.  PLURAL.
Pres. inquam, ——­
inquis, ——­
inquit; inquiunt.
Fut. ——­ ——­
inquies, ——­
inquiet. ——­
Perf. 3d Sing. inquit.

135.  Ajo, I say.

INDICATIVE MOOD. 
SINGULAR.  PLURAL
Pres. ajo, ——­
ais, ——­
ait; ajunt.
Imp. ajebam, ajebamus,
ajebas, ajebatis,
ajebat; ajebant.
Perf 3d Sing. ait.

SUBJUNCTIVE.

Pres 3d Sing. ajat.

NOTE.—­For aisne, do you mean? ain is common.

136.  Fari, to speak.

This is inflected regularly in the perfect tenses.  In the Present System it has—­

INDICATIVE MOOD. 
SINGULAR.        PLURAL.
Pres.         ——­            ——­
——­            ——­
fatur.          ——­
Fut.          fabor,          ——­
——­            ——­
fabitur.        ——­
Impv.         fare.
Inf.          fari.
Pres.          fantis, fanti, etc. 
Partic.
Gerund,       fandi; D. and Abl., fando.
G.,
Gerundive,    fandus.

NOTE.—­Forms of fari are rare.  More frequent are its compounds; as,—­ affatur, he addresses; praefamur, we say in advance.

137.  OTHER DEFECTIVE FORMS.

1.  Queo, quire, quivi, to be able, and nequeo, nequire, nequivi, to be unable, are inflected like eo, but occur chiefly in the Present Tense, and there only in special forms.