New Latin Grammar eBook

Charles Edwin Bennett
This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 322 pages of information about New Latin Grammar.

New Latin Grammar eBook

Charles Edwin Bennett
This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 322 pages of information about New Latin Grammar.

83.  There are the following classes of pronouns:—­

I.  Personal.                 V.  Intensive. 
II.   Reflexive.               VI.   Relative. 
III.   Possessive.             VII.   Interrogative. 
IV.   Demonstrative.         VIII.   Indefinite.

I. PERSONAL PRONOUNS.

84.  These correspond to the English I, you, he, she, it, etc., and are declined as follows:—­

First Person.  Second Person.  Third Person.

SINGULAR.
Nom. ego, I tu, thou is, he; ea, she; id,
it
Gen. mei tui (For declension see Sec. 87.)
Dat. mihi[22] tibi[22]
Acc. me te
Voc. ——­ tu
Abl. me te

PLURAL.
Nom.  nos, we         vos, you
Gen.  nostrum, nostri   vestrum, vestri
Dat.  nobis             vobis
Acc.  nos               vos
Voc.  ——­              vos
Abl.  nobis             vobis

1.  A Dative Singular mi occurs in poetry.

2.  Emphatic forms in -met are occasionally found; as, egomet, I myself; tibimet, to you yourself; tu has tute and tutemet (written also tutimet).

3.  In early Latin, med and ted occur as Accusative and Ablative forms.

* * * * *

II.  REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS.

85.  These refer to the subject of the sentence or clause in which they stand; like myself, yourself, in ‘I see myself,’ etc.  They are declined as follows:—­

First Person.         Second Person.        Third Person.
Supplied by oblique     Supplied by oblique
cases of ego.           cases of tu.
Gen.  mei, of myself        tui, of thyself       sui
Dat.  mihi, to myself       tibi, to thyself      sibi[22]
Acc.  me, myself            te, thyself           se or sese
Voc.  ——­                    ——­                    ——­
Abl.  me, with myself,      te, with thyself,     se or sese
etc.                    etc.

1.  The Reflexive of the Third Person serves for all genders and for both numbers.  Thus sui may mean, of himself, herself, itself, or of themselves; and so with the other forms.

2.  All of the Reflexive Pronouns have at times a reciprocal force; as,—­

    inter se pugnant, they fight with each other.

3.  In early Latin, sed occurs as Accusative and Ablative.

* * * * *

III.  POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS.

86.  These are strictly adjectives of the First and Second Declensions, and are inflected as such.  They are—­

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New Latin Grammar from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.