Earlier Inflection (including
Caesar and Cicero).
Servos,
m., Aevom, n., Equos, m.,
slave.
age. horse.
SINGULAR.
Nom. servos aevom
equos
Gen. servi aevi
equi
Dat. servo aevo
equo
Acc. servom aevom
equom
Voc. serve aevom
eque
Abl. servo aevo
equo
Later inflection (after Cicero). SINGULAR. Nom. servus aevum equus Gen. servi aevi equi Dat. servo aevo equo Act. servum aevum equum Voc. serve aevum eque Abl. servo aevo equo
1. The Plural of these nouns is regular, and always uniform.
Peculiarities of Inflection in the Second Declension.
25. 1. Proper names in -ius regularly form the Genitive Singular in -i (instead of -ii), and the Vocative Singular in -i (for -ie); as Vergili, of Virgil, or O Virgil (instead of Vergilii, Vergilie). In such words the accent stands upon the penult, even though that be short. Nouns in -ajus, -ejus form the Gen. in -ai, -ei, as Pompejus, Pompei.
2. Nouns in -ius and -ium, until after the beginning of the reign of Augustus (31 B.C.), regularly formed the Genitive Singular in -i (instead of -ii); as,—
Nom. ingenium filius Gen. ingeni fili
These Genitives accent the penult, even when it is short.
3. Filius forms the Vocative Singular in -i (for -ie); viz. fili, O son!
4. Deus, god, lacks the Vocative Singular. The Plural is inflected as follows:—
Nom. di (dei) Gen. deorum (deum) Dat. dis (deis) Acc. deos Voc. di (dei) Abl. dis (deis)
5. The Locative Singular ends in -i; as, Corinthi, at Corinth.
6. The Genitive Plural has -um, instead of -orum,—
a) in words denoting money and measure;
as, talentum, of talents;
modium, of pecks; sestertium, of
sesterces.
b) in duumvir, triumvir, decemvir; as, duumvirum.
c) sometimes in other words; as, liberum,
of the children; socium, of
the allies.
Exceptions to Gender in the Second Declension.
26. 1. The following nouns in -us are Feminine by exception:—
a) Names of towns, islands, trees—according
to the general rule laid
down in Sec. 15, 2; also some names of
countries; as Aegyptus, Egypt.
b) Five special words,—