vale, farewell.

1.  The Present is the tense of the Imperative most commonly used, but the Future is employed—­

  a) Where there is a distinct reference to future time, especially in the
  apodosis of conditional sentences; as,—­

    rem vobis proponam; vos eam penditote, I will lay the matter before
    you; do you (then) consider it;

    si bene disputabit, tribuito litteris Graecis, if he shall speak well,
    attribute it to Greek literature.

  b) In laws, treaties, wills, maxims, etc.; as,—­

    consules summum jus habento, the consuls shall have supreme power;

    hominem mortuom in urbe ne sepelito, no one shall bury a dead body in
    the city;

    amicitia regi Antiocho cum populo Romano his legibus et condicionibus
    esto, let there be friendship between Antiochus and the Roman people
    on the following terms and conditions;

    quartae esto partis Marcus heres, let Marcus be heir to a fourth (of
    the property);

    ignoscito saepe alteri, numquam tibi, forgive your neighbor often,
    yourself never.

2.  Except with the Future Imperative the negative is not used in classical prose.  Prohibitions are regularly expressed in other ways.  See Sec. 276, b.

3.  Questions in the Indicative introduced by quin (why not?) are often equivalent to an Imperative or to the Hortatory Subjunctive; as,—­

    quin abis, go away! (lit. why don’t you go away?);

    quin vocem continetis, keep still! (lit. why don’t you stop your
    voices?);

    quin equos conscendimus, let us mount our horses (lit. why do we not
    mount our horses?)

MOODS IN DEPENDENT CLAUSES.

Clauses of Purpose.

282. 1.  Clauses of Purpose are introduced most commonly by ut (uti), quo (that, in order that), ne (in order that not, lest), and stand in the Subjunctive, as,—­

    edimus ut vivamus, we eat that we may live;

    adjuta me quo hoc fiat facilius, help me, in order that this may be
    done more easily;

    portas clausit, ne quam oppidani injuriam acciperent, he closed the
    gates, lest the townspeople should receive any injury.

  a.  Quo, as a rule, is employed only when the purpose clause contains a
  comparative or a comparative idea.  Occasional exceptions occur; as,—­

    haec faciunt quo Chremetem absterreant, they are doing this in order
    to frighten Chremes.

  b.  Ut ne is sometimes found instead of ne.  Thus:—­

    ut ne quid neglegenter agamus, in order that we may not do anything
    carelessly.

  c.  Ut non (not ne) is used where the negation belongs to some single
  word, instead of to the purpose clause as a whole.  Thus:—­