non dubito quin pater venturus
sit, I do not doubt that my father will
come;
non dubitabam quin pater venturus
esset, I did not doubt that my
father would come.
4. Where the verb has no Future Active Participle, or where it stands in the passive voice, its Future character may be indicated by the use of the particles mox, brevi, statim, etc., in connection with the Present and Imperfect Subjunctive; as,—
non dubito quin te mox hujus
rei paeniteat, I do not doubt that you
will soon repent of this thing;
non dubitabam quin haec res
brevi conficeretur, I did not doubt that
this thing would soon be fnished.
TENSES OF THE INFINITIVE.
270. 1. The tenses of the Infinitive denote time not absolutely, but with reference to the verb on which they depend. Thus:—
a) The Present Infinitive represents an
act as contemporaneous with the
time of the verb on which it depends;
as,—
videtur honores adsequi, he seems to be gaining honors;
videbatur honores adsequi, he seemed to be gaining honors.
b) The Perfect Infinitive represents an
act as prior to the time of the
verb on which it depends; as,—
videtur honores adsecutus esse, he seems to have gained honors;
visus est honores adsecutus esse, he seemed to have gained honors.
c) The Future Infinitive represents an
act as subsequent to that of the
verb on which it depends; as,—
videtur honores adsecuturus
esse, he seems to be about to gain
honors;
visus est honores adsecuturus
esse, he seemed to be about to gain
honors.
2. Where the English says ‘ought to have done,’ ‘might have done,’ etc., the Latin uses debui, oportuit, potui (debebam, oportebat, poteram), with the Present Infinitive; as,—
debuit dicere, he ought to have said (lit. owed it to say);
oportuit venire, he ought to have come;
potuit videre, he might have seen.
a. Oportuit, volo, nolo (and in poetry
some other verbs), may take a
Perfect Infinitive instead of the Present;
as,—
hoc jam pridem factum esse
oportuit, this ought long ago to have been
done.
3. PERIPHRASTIC FUTURE INFINITIVE. Verbs that have no Participial Stem, express the Future Infinitive Active and Passive by fore ut or futurum esse ut, with the Subjunctive; as,—
spero fore ut te paeniteat
levitatis, I hope you will repent of your
fickleness (lit. hope
it will happen that you repent);
spero futurum esse ut hostes
arceantur, I hope that the enemy will be
kept off.