3. A special variety of the Ablative of Manner denotes that in accordance with which or in pursuance of which anything is or is done. It is generally used without a preposition. Thus:—
mea sententia, according to my opinion;
suis moribus, in accordance with their custom;
sua sponte, voluntarily, of his (their) own accord;
ea condicione, on these terms.
Ablative of Attendant Circumstance.
221. The Ablative is often used to denote an attendant circumstance of an action or an event; as,—
bonis auspiciis, under good auspices;
nulla est altercatio clamoribus
umquam habita majoribus, no debate was
ever held under circumstances
of greater applause;
exstinguitur ingenti luctu
provinciae, he dies under circumstances of
great grief on the part of
the province;
longo intervallo sequitur, he follows at a great distance.
Ablative of Accompaniment.
222. The Ablative with cum is used with verbs of motion to denote accompaniment; as,—
cum comitibus profectus est, he set out with his attendants;
cum febri domum rediit, he returned home with a fever.
1. In military expressions the Ablative may stand without cum when modified by any adjective except a numeral; as,—
omnibus copiis, ingenti exercitu,
magna manu; but usually cum exercitu,
cum duabus legionibus.
Ablative of Association.
222A. The Ablative is often used with verbs of joining, mixing, clinging, exchanging; also with assuesco, consuesco, assuefacio, and some others to denote association; as,—
improbitas scelere juncta, badness joined with crime;
aer calore admixtus, air mixed with heat;
assuetus labore, accustomed to (lit. familiarized with) toil;
pacem bello permutant, they change peace for (lit. with) war.
Ablative of Degree of Difference.
223. The Ablative is used with comparatives and words involving comparison (as post, ante, infra, supra) to denote the degree of difference; as,—
dimidio minor, smaller by a half;
tribus pedibus altior, three feet higher;
paulo post, a little afterwards;
quo plura habemus, eo cupimus
ampliora, the more we have, the more we
want.
Ablative of Quality.
224. The Ablative, modified by an adjective, is used to denote quality; as,—
puella eximia forma, a girl of exceptional beauty;
vir singulari industria, a man of singular industry.