regions.  The altitude will prevent extreme heat, and clouds or rain will be rare.  The range of temperature and unsteadiness of the air will be diminished by placing them on hills a few hundred feet above the surrounding country.  The equipment and work of the two stations will be substantially the same.  Each will have telescopes and other instruments of the largest size, which will be kept at work throughout the whole of every clear night.  The observers will do but little work in the daytime, except perhaps on the sun, and will not undertake much of the computation or reductions.  This last work will be carried on at a third station, which will be near a large city where the cost of living and of intellectual labor is low.  The photographs will be measured and stored at this station, and all the results will be prepared for publication, and printed there.  The work of all three stations will be carefully organized so as to obtain the greatest result for a given expenditure.  Every inducement will be offered to visiting astronomers who wish to do serious work at either of the stations and also to students who intend to make astronomy their profession.  In the case of photographic investigations it will be best to send the photographs so that astronomers desiring them can work at home.  The work of the young astronomers throughout the world will be watched carefully and large appropriations made to them if it appears that they can spend them to advantage.  Similar aid will be rendered to astronomers engaged in teaching, and to any one, professional or amateur, capable of doing work of the highest grade.  As a fundamental condition for success, no restrictions will be made that will interfere with the greatest scientific efficiency, and no personal or local prejudices that will restrict the work.

These plans may seem to you visionary, and too Utopian for the twentieth century.  But they may be nearer fulfilment than we anticipate.  The true astronomer of to-day is eminently a practical man.  He does not accept plans of a sensational character.  The same qualities are needed in directing a great observatory successfully, as in managing a railroad, or factory.  Any one can propose a gigantic expenditure, but to prove to a shrewd man of affairs that it is feasible and advisable is a very different matter.  It is much more difficult to give away money wisely than to earn it.  Many men have made great fortunes, but few have learned how to expend money wisely in advancing science, or to give it away judiciously.  Many persons have given large sums to astronomy, and some day we shall find the man with broad views who will decide to have the advice and aid of the astronomers of the world, in his plans for promoting science, and who will thus expend his money, as he made it, taking the greatest care that not one dollar is wasted.  Again, let us consider the next great advance, which perhaps will be a method of determining the distances of the stars.  Many of us are working on this problem, the solution of which may come to some one any day.  The present field is a wide one, the prospects are now very bright, and we may look forward to as great an advance in the twentieth century, as in the nineteenth.  May a portion of this come to the Case School and, with your support, may its enviable record, in the past, be surpassed by its future achievements.