reach 396,000,000,000,000 per second, the human eye, fitted to be affected by that number, discerns the emitted undulations, and the object seems to glow with a dull red light; becoming hotter, the vibrations increase in rapidity.  When they reach 765,000,000,000,000 per second the color becomes violet, and the eye can observe them no farther.  Between these numbers are those of different rapidities, which affect the eye—­as orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, in an almost infinite number of shades—­according to the sensitiveness of the eye.

We now see how our dark immensity of attractive atoms can become luminous.  A force of compression results in vibrations within, communicated to the ether, discerned by the eye.  Illustrations are numerous.  If we suddenly push a piston into a cylinder of brass, the force produces heat enough to set fire to an inflammable substance within.  Strike a half-inch cube of iron a moderate blow and it becomes warm; a sufficient blow, and its vibrations become quick enough to be seen—­it is red-hot.  Attach a thermometer to an extended [Page 19] arm of a whirling wheel; drive it against the air five hundred feet per second, the mercury rises 16 deg..  The earth goes 98,000 feet per second, or one thousand miles a minute.  If it come to an aerolite or mass of metallic rock, or even a cloudlet of gas, standing still in space, its contact with our air evolves 600,000 deg. of heat.  And when the meteor comes toward the world twenty-six miles a second, the heat would become proportionally greater if the meteor could abide it, and not be consumed in fervent heat.  It vanishes almost as soon as seen.  If there were meteoric masses enough lying in our path, our sky would blaze with myriads of flashes of light.  Enough have been seen to enable a person to read by them at night.  If a sufficient number were present, we should miss their individual flashes as they blend their separate fires in one sea of insufferable glory.  The sun is 1,300,000 times as large as our planet; its attraction proportionally greater; the aerolites more numerous; and hence an infinite hail of stones, small masses and little worlds, makes ceaseless trails of light, whose individuality is lost in one dazzling sea of glory.

On the 1st day of September, 1859, two astronomers, independently of each other, saw a sudden brightening on the surface of the sun.  Probably two large meteoric masses were travelling side by side at two or three hundred miles per second, and striking the sun’s atmosphere, suddenly blazed into light bright enough to be seen on the intolerable light of the photosphere as a background.  The earth responded to this new cause of brilliance and heat in the sun.  Vivid auroras appeared, not only at the north and south poles, but even where such spectacles are seldom seen.  The electro-magnetic [Page 20] disturbances were more distinctly marked.  “In many places the telegraphic wires struck work.  In Washington and Philadelphia the electric signalmen received severe electric shocks; at a station in Norway the telegraphic apparatus was set fire to; and at Boston a flame of fire followed the pen of Bain’s electric telegraph.”  There is the best of reason for believing that a continuous succession of such bodies might have gone far toward rendering the earth uncomfortable as a place of residence.