Wheat, maize, barley, oats, and rye, are all grown in this colony; but the two former are most cultivated.  The climate appears to be rather too warm for the common species of barley and oats; but the poorer soils produce them of a tolerably good quality.  The skinless barley, or as it is termed by some, the Siberian wheat, arrives at very great perfection, and is in every respect much superior to the common species of barley; but the culture of this grain is limited to the demand which is created for it by the colonial breweries; the Indian corn, or maize, being much better adapted for the food of horses, oxen, pigs, and poultry.  The produce too is much more abundant than that of barley and oats; and the season for planting it being two months later than for any other sort of grain, the settler has every motive for giving it the preference.  Wheat may be sown any time from February to July, and even as late as August, if that month happens to be moist; but the best months are April, May, and June.  The creeping wheat, however, may be sown in the commencement of February; as should it become too rank, it can easily be kept down by sheep, which are found to do this sort of wheat no manner of injury.  To the farmer, therefore, who keeps large flocks of sheep, the cultivation of the creeping wheat is highly advantageous; since in addition to its yielding as great a crop as any other species of wheat, it supersedes the necessity of growing turnips or other artificial food for the support of his stock during the severity of the winter, when the natural grasses become scanty and parched up by the frost.  The red and white lammas, and the Cape or bearded wheat, are the species generally cultivated.  June is the best month for sowing barley and oats, but they may be sown till the middle of August with a fair prospect of a good crop.  Indian corn or maize may be planted from the end of September to the middle of December; but October is the best month.  It is, however, a very common practice among the settlers on the fertile banks of the Hawkesbury and Nepean, to plant what is called stubble corn; that is, to plant it among the wheat, barley, and oat stubbles, as soon as the harvest is over, without ploughing or breaking up the ground.  Maize is frequently planted in this way until the middle of January, and if the season proves sufficiently moist, yields a very abundant crop.  The usual manner of planting it is in holes about six feet apart:  five grains are generally put in each of these holes.  The average produce of this grain on rich flooded lands, is from eighty to a hundred bushels per acre.  Wheat in the same situations yields from thirty to forty bushels; and barley and oats, about fifty bushels an acre.  On forest lands, however, the crops are not so productive, unless the ground be well manured; but the wheat, barley and oats, grown on this land, are much heavier and superior in quality.  The difference of the weight of wheat grown in forest and flooded lands, is upon an average not less than 8 lbs. per bushel.  The former sort weighing 64 lbs. and the latter only 56 lbs.