[11] This word is written Tono in the Ventura del Arco transcript.  The ruler of Firando (the local form of Hirado, as it is more correctly written) was then Takanobu, who became daimio—­“king,” in the English and Spanish writers; but equivalent to “baron”—­of that island.  The name Tono Sama, applied to the daimio, is not a personal name, but a polite form, equivalent to “your Lordship.”  See Satow’s notes on Voyage of Saris (Hakluyt Society’s publications, London, 1900), p. 79.  Cocks speaks of this ruler as Figen Sama.

The “history of Hirado as a commercial port” up to 1611 is recounted by Satow (ut supra, pp. xliv-li).

[12] This commander is mentioned by Cocks as John Derickson Lamb.  The ship called “Galeaca” in our text is “Gallias” in that of Cocks.

[13] Evidently Ilocos, as is shown by another mention near the end of this paragraph.

[14] Name of the Moro pirates who inhabit the little islands of the Sulu group east of Tawi-tawi, and the islands between these and Borneo; but on the last the name Tirones is also conferred—­derived from the province of Tiron in Borneo, to which these islands are adjacent.  See Blumentritt’s list of Philippine tribes and languages (Mason’s translation), in Smithsonian Report, 1899. pp. 527-547.

[15] “In 1611, Iyeyasu obtained documentary proof of what he had long suspected, viz., the existence of a plot on the part of the native converts and the foreign emissaries to reduce Japan to the position of a subject state...  Iyeyasu now put forth strenuous measures to root out utterly what he believed to be a pestilent breeder of sedition and war.  Fresh edicts were issued, and in 1614 twenty-two Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian friars, one hundred and seventeen Jesuits, and hundreds of native priests and catechists, were embarked by force on board junks, and sent out of the country.” (Griffis’s Mikado’s Empire, p. 256.)

The priests mentioned in our text were put to death in June, 1617, at Omura (Cocks’s Diary, i, pp. 256, 258).

[16] Vicente Sepulveda was a native of Castilla, and entered the Augustinian order in that province; he was a religious of great attainments in knowledge and virtue.  He arrived in the Philippines in 1606, became very proficient in the language of the Pampangos, and was a missionary among them for five years.  In 1614 he was elected provincial of his order in the islands.  “Thoroughly inflexible in character, he undertook to secure the most rigorous observance of the decrees and mandates of the latest father-visitor, on which account he incurred the great displeasure and resentment of many.  By the death of Father Jeronimo de Salas, Father Sepulveda became a second time the ruler of the province, as rector provincial; but he did not change in the least his harsh and rigid mode of government.  A lamentable and unexpected event put an end to his already harassed life, on August 21, 1617.” (Perez’s Catalogo, p. 76.)