Domingo Moriones y Murillo—­Marquis of Oroquieta, and lieutenant-general; becomes governor, February 28, 1877; takes drastic measures against mutinous artillery regiment, 1877; prevents sale of tobacco monopoly, 1877; constructs Manila water-works, 1878; term as governor, February 28, 1877-March 18 or 20, 1880.

Rafael Rodriguez Arias—­Naval officer; becomes governor (ad interim), March 18 or 20, 1880; term as governor, March 18-April 15, 1880.

Fernando Primo de Rivera—­Marquis of Estella; becomes governor, April 15, 1880; cable opened between Luzon and Spain, 1880; royal decree orders repeal of tobacco monopoly, 1881; term marked by corruption in public offices; term as governor, April 15, 1880-March 10, 1883.

Emilio Molins—­Segundo cabo of Philippines; governor (ad interim), March to April 7, 1883.

Joaquin Jovellar—­General; becomes governor, April 7, 1883; decrease of annual period of personal services from forty to fifteen days, and creation of provincial tax, 1883; plan for railroads in Luzon approved, 1883; visits southern islands, 1884; tribute abolished and tax of cedula personal substituted, 1884; Jesuit observatory at Manila declared official, 1884; term as governor, April 7, 1883-April 1, 1885.

Emilio Molins—­Becomes governor (ad interim), for second time, and rules three days, April 1-4, 1885.

Emilio Terrero y Perinat—­Lieutenant-general; becomes governor, April 4, 1885; leads expedition in person against Moros, 1885; dispute between Spain and Germany as to ownership of Carolinas, 1885; term as governor, April 4, 1885-1888.

Antonio Molto—­Segundo cabo, term as governor (ad interim), 1888.

Federico Lobaton—­Naval officer; term as governor (ad interim), only one day in 1888.

March 1, 1888, a petition signed by eight hundred and ten natives and mestizos demands immediate expulsion of the friars of the religious orders and of the archbishop, the secularization of benefices, and the confiscation of the estates of Augustinians and Dominicans.

Valeriano Weyler—­Native of Majorca, marquis of Tenerife, and son of a German doctor; becomes governor, 1888; said to have purchased office from minister’s wife; school of agriculture established in Manila, 1889; practical school of arts and trades established, 1890; telephone system established in Philippines, 1890; Dominican secondary school established in Dagupan, 1891; said to have received money from religious orders for armed support against their tenants; term as governor 1888-1891; later minister of war at Madrid.

Eulogio Despujol—­Native of Cataluna, and count of Caspe; becomes governor, 1891; Liga filipina (Philippine League) founded in Manila by Rizal, 1892; introduces many reforms; popular with natives; arouses wrath of religious orders, who are said to have paid $100,000 for his dismissal; term as governor, 1891-1893.