7.  ‘Diplomatic characters’ would now be described as officers of the Political Department.

8.  These remarks of the author should help to dispel the common delusion that the English officials of the olden time spoke the Indian languages better than their more highly trained successors.

9.  The author wrote these words at the moment of the inauguration by Lord William Bentinck and Macaulay of the new policy which established English as the official language of India, and the vehicle for the higher instruction of its people, as enunciated in the resolution dated 7th March, 1835, and described by Boulger in Lord William Bentinck (Rulers of India, 1897), chap. 8.  The decision then formed and acted on alone rendered possible the employment of natives of India in the higher branches of the administration.  Such employment has gradually year by year increased, and certainly will further increase, at least up to the extreme limit of safety.  Indians now (1914) occupy seats in the Council of India in London, and in the Executive and Legislative Councils of the Governor-General, Provincial Governors, and Lieutenant-Governors.  They hold most of the judicial appointments and fill many responsible executive offices.

10.  Khojah Nasir-ud-din of Tus in Persia was a great astronomer, philosopher, and mathematician in the thirteenth century.  The author’s Imam-ud-din Ghazzali is intended for Abu Hamid Imam al Ghazzali, one of the most famous of Musulman doctors.  He was born at Tus, the modern Mashhad (Meshed) in Khurasan, and died in A.D. 1111.  His works are numerous.  One is entitled The Ruin of Philosophies, and another, the most celebrated, is The Resuscitation of Religious Sciences (F.  J. Arbuthnot, A Manual of Arabian History and Literature, London, 1890).  These authors are again referred to in a subsequent chapter.  I am not able to judge the propriety of Sleeman’s enthusiastic praise.

11.  The gentleman referred to was Mr. John Wilton, who was appointed to the service in 1775.

12.  The cantonments at Dinapore (properly Danapur) are ten miles distant from the great city of Patna.

13.  The rupee was worth more than two shillings in 1810.  The remuneration of high officials by commission has been long abolished.

14.  There used to be two opium agents, one at Patna, and the other at Ghazipur, who administered the Opium Department under the control of the Board of Revenue in Calcutta.  In deference to the demands of the Chinese Government and of public opinion in England, the Agency at Ghazipur has been closed, and the Government of India is withdrawing gradually from the opium trade.  Such lucrative sinecures as those described in the text have long ceased to exist.

15.  These Persian words would not now be used in orders to servants.

16.  This officer was Sir Joseph O’Halloran, K.C.B., attached to the 18th Regiment, N.I.  He became a Lieutenant-Colonel on June 4, 1814, and Major-General on January 10, 1837.  He is mentioned in Ramaseeana (p 59) as Brigadier-General commanding the Sagar Division.