22.  Bulaki assumed the title of Dawar Baksh during his short reign, and struck coins at Lahore.  He ’vanished—­probably to Persia—­after his three months’ pretence of royalty; and on 25th January, 1628 (18 Jumada I, 1037), Shah-Jahan ascended at Agra the throne which he was to occupy for thirty years’.  Shahryar was known by the nickname of Na-shudani, or ‘Good-for-nothing’ (Lane-Poole, The History of the Moghul Emperors of Hindustan, illustrated by their Coins, p. xxiii).  The two nephews of Jahangir, the sons of Daniyal, slaughtered at this time, had been, according to Herbert, baptized as Christians (Travels, ed. 1677, pp. 74, 98).  There are great discrepancies in the accounts given by various authorities concerning the fate of Bulaki and the other victims of Shah Jahan.  A dissuasion of the evidence would take too much apace, and must be inconclusive, the fact being that the proceedings were secret, and pains were taken to conceal the truth.

23.  The dates of birth are, in Old Style:-Dara Shikoh, March 20, 1615; Sultan Shuja, May 12, 1616; Aurangzeb, October 10, 1619; and Murad Baksh, not stated (Beale).

24. Ante, Chapter 2, text following [8].  The quotation is from Part III, chap. 19, p. 35 of The Travels of Monsieur de Thevenot, now made English.  London, Printed in the year MDCLXXXVII.  The author, in his quotation, omits between ‘that’ and ‘The Dutch’ the clause ’This indeed is certain that there are few Heathens and Parsis in respect of Mahometans there, and these surpass all the other sects in power as they do in number.’

25.  During the reign of Akbar, many Christians, Portuguese, English, and others, visited Agra, and a considerable number settled there.  A Roman Catholic church was built, the steeple of which was pulled down by Shah Jahan.  The oldest inscriptions in the cemetery adjoining the Roman Catholic cathedral are in the Armenian character.  Three Catholic cemeteries exist at or near Agra, namely

(l) the old Catholic graveyard at the village of Lashkarpur, dating from the time of Akbar, who made a grant of the site about A.D. 1600.  This cemetery includes the Martyrs’ Chapel, also known as the Chapel of Father Santus (Santucci), which was erected in memory of Khoja Mortenepus, an Armenian merchant, whose epitaph is dated 1611.  The next oldest tombstone, that of Father Emmanuel d’ Anhaya, who died in prison, bears the date August, 1633.  Father Joseph de Castro, who died at Lahore, on December 15, 1646, lies in the same building.

(2) A cemetery in Padritola, the native Christian ward of the city behind the old cathedral.  Father Tieffenthaler is buried there.

(3) A cemetery in an unnamed village, granted by Jahangir, and situated a mile north of Lashkarpur.  An unpublished letter in the British Museum shows that Jahangir closed the churches in his dominions in 1615.  Notwithstanding, the College at Agra was founded about 1617 by an Armenian who is known by his title Mirza Zul-Qarnain.  The acute persecution by Shah Jahan occurred in 1631.