[From the Canadian Record Officer.]

The full narrative of the part played by the Canadians at Ypres is given in a communication from the Record Officer now serving with the Canadian Division at the front and published in the British press on May 1, 1915.  The division was commanded by a distinguished English General, but these “amateur soldiers of Canada,” as the narrator describes them, were officered largely by lawyers, college professors, and business men who before the war were neither disciplined nor trained.  Many striking deeds of heroism and self-sacrifice were performed in the course of their brilliant charge and dogged resistance, which, in the words of Sir John French, “saved the situation” in the face of overwhelming odds.

On April 22 the Canadian Division held a line of, roughly, 5,000 yards, extending in a northwesterly direction from the Ypres-Roulers Railway to the Ypres-Poelcapelle road, and connecting at its terminus with the French troops.  The division consisted of three infantry brigades in addition to the artillery brigades.  Of the infantry brigades the First was in reserve, the Second was on the right, and the Third established contact with the Allies at the point indicated above.

The day was a peaceful one, warm and sunny, and except that the previous day had witnessed a further bombardment of the stricken town of Ypres, everything seemed quiet in front of the Canadian line.  At 5 o’clock in the afternoon a plan, carefully prepared, was put into execution against our French allies on the left.  Asphyxiating gas of great intensity was projected into their trenches, probably by means of force pumps and pipes laid out under the parapets.  The fumes, aided by a favorable wind, floated backward, poisoning and disabling over an extended area those who fell under their effect.

The result was that the French were compelled to give ground for a considerable distance.  The glory which the French Army has won in this war would make it impertinent to labor the compelling nature of the poisonous discharges under which the trenches were lost.  The French did, as every one knew they would do, all that stout soldiers could do, and the Canadian Division, officers and men, look forward to many occasions in the future in which they will stand side by side with the brave armies of France.

[Illustration:  POSITION BEFORE DISCHARGE OF GAS

Contrast this with: 

POSITION AFTER DISCHARGE OF GAS]

The immediate consequences of this enforced withdrawal were, of course, extremely grave.  The Third Brigade of the Canadian Division was without any left, or, in other words, its left was in the air.  Rough diagrams may make the position clear.

It became imperatively necessary greatly to extend the Canadian lines to the left rear.  It was not, of course, practicable to move the First Brigade from reserve at a moment’s notice, and the line, extending from 5,000 to 9,000 yards, was naturally not the line that had been held by the Allies at 5 o’clock, and a gap still existed on its left.  The new line, of which our recent point of contact with the French formed the apex, ran quite roughly as follows: