4.  Digambara, i.e., in naked state.

5.  Nityada always, left out on the ground of redundancy.

6.  Bhutanam etc. is explained by Nilakantha as no swasya, and the vocative vibho is taken as Paramatman.

7.  Agatagamam implies, as explained by the commentator, praptasastrarahasyam.

8.  Nirakarasritena is explained by Nilakantha as Asamprajnatas-samadhi-samadhigamya Brhamabhavasritena, implying reliance on Brahman by having recourse to Samadhi or a suspension of all functions of both body and mind (through Yoga) and arrival at that state which is one of perfect unconsciousness.’

9.  The dissolution here spoken of is the Mahapralaya and not the Khanda or Avantara Pralayas.  Till then, the sage will look upon all beings, i.e., their repeated migrations.

10.  The commentator explains that altogether seven questions are asked.  The first is about the dissolution of the body.  The second relates to the manner of re-acquiring a body.  The third has reference to the manner in which rebirth may be avoided.  The fourth relates to the causes that operate for giving a body to Jiva.  By Prakriti is meant Nature or that Nescience which is the cause of body.  The fifth relates to the Anyat or Param, viz., how final Emancipation or absorption into Brahman takes place.  The sixth pertains to the manner in which the fruits of acts are enjoyed or endured.  The seventh enquires after the way in which acts attach to Jiva even when devoid of a body.

11.  Kala here means both the season of the year and the age of the person.  Food that is beneficial in summer is not so in winter, or that which is beneficial in youth is otherwise at old age.  All the texts that I have seen have viditwa and not aviditiwa which Telang takes in his version for the Sacred Books of the East.  Kala is always interpreted by the commentators of Charaka as referring to either period of life or period of the year.  This, as well as the following verses, relates to the laws of health as expounded by Charaka.

12.  The faults are three, viz., Wind, Bile, and Phlegm.  When existing in a state of harmony, they produce health.  When one is excited or two, or all, indisposition sets in.  They are called dosha or faults, because of their liability to be excited and product, disease.  Telang, not suspecting that the whole passage is a reproduction of a passage in the ancient work edited by Charaka, misunderstands some expressions and wrongly renders doshan into ‘disorders.’

13.  Jivitam in the second line seems to be an objective of sariram in the first.

14.  Garbha-sankramane is explained by Nilakantha as ’entering the foetus in the womb after casting off the body appertaining to the other world.  I think Telang is not correct in his version of 19 and 20.  Atisarpana can never imply ‘exhaustion’; hence, karmanam can never be the reading he adopts.  Besides tadrisam seems to settle the question.  The tortures felt at death are similar to those at birth.