order, not far-fetched in respect of sense, corrected
with one another as cause and effect and each having
a specific object.[1694] I shall not tell thee anything,
prompted by desire or wrath or fear or cupidity or
abjectness or deceit or shame or compassion or pride.
(I answer thee because it is proper for me to answer
what thou hast said). When the speaker, the hearer,
and the words said, thoroughly agree with one another
in course of a speech, then does the sense or meaning
come out very clearly. When, in the matter of
what is to be said, the speaker shows disregard for
the understanding of the hearer by uttering words
whose meaning is understood by himself, then, however
good those words may be, they become incapable of
being seized by the hearer.[1695] That speaker, again,
who, abandoning all regard for his own meaning uses
words that are of excellent sound and sense, awakens
only erroneous, impressions in the mind of the hearer.
Such words in such connection become certainly faulty.
That speaker, however, who employs words that are,
while expressing his own meaning, intelligible to the
hearer, as well, truly deserves to be called a speaker.
No other man deserves the name. It behoveth thee,
therefore, O king, to hear with concentrated attention
these words of mine, fraught with meaning and endued
with wealth of vocables. Thou hast asked me who
I am, whose I am, whence I am coming, etc.
Listen to me, O king, with undivided mind, as I answer
these questions of thine. As lac and wood, as
grains of dust and drops of water, exist commingled
when brought together, even so are the existences
of all creatures.[1696] Sound, touch, taste, form,
and scent, these and the senses, though diverse in
respect of their essences, exist yet in a state of
commingling like lac and wood. It is again well
known that nobody asks any of these, saying, who art
thou? Each of them also has no knowledge either
of itself or of the others. The eye cannot see
itself. The ear cannot hear itself. The eye,
again, cannot discharge the functions of any of the
other senses, nor can any of the senses discharge
the functions of any sense save its own. If all
of them even combine together, even they fail to know
their own selves as dust and water mingled together
cannot know each other though existing in a state of
union. In order to discharge their respective
functions, they await the contact of objects that
are external to them. The eye, form, and light,
constitute the three requisites of the operation called
seeing. The same, as in this case, happens in
respect of the operations of the other senses and
the ideas which is their result. Then, again,
between the functions of the senses (called vision,
hearing, etc.,) and the ideas which are their
result (viz., form, sound, etc.), the mind is
an entity other than the senses And is regarded to
have an action of its own. With its help one
distinguishes what is existent from what is non-existent
for arriving at certainty (in the matter of all ideas