and can also disappear at will. By lordship over
Water, one can (like Agastya) drink up rivers, lakes,
and oceans. By lordship over Fire, the Yogin
becomes so effulgent that his form cannot be looked
at. He becomes visible only when he extinguishes
his consciousness of individuality,—these
five elements come within his sway. When the
Understanding, which is the soul of the five elements
and of the consciousness of individuality,[912] is
conquered the Yogin attains to Omnipotence, and perfect
Knowledge (or perception freed from doubt and uncertainty
with respect to all things), comes to him. In
consequence of this, the Manifest becomes merged into
the Unmanifest or Supreme Soul from which the world
emanates and becomes what is called Manifest.[913]
Listen now to me in detail as I expound the science
of the Unmanifest. But first of all listen to
me about all that is Manifest as expounded in the
Sankhya system of philosophy. In both the Yoga
and the Sankhya, systems, five and twenty topics of
knowledge have been treated in nearly the same way.
Listen to me as I mention their chief features.
That has been said to be Manifest which is possessed
of these four attributes, viz., birth, growth,
decay, and death. That which is not possessed
of these attributes is said to be Unmanifest.
Two souls are mentioned in the Vedas and the sciences
that are based upon them. The first (which is
called Jivatman) is endued with the four attributes
already mentioned, and has a longing for the four objects
or purposes (viz., Religion, Wealth, Pleasure and
Emancipation). This soul is called Manifest,
and it is born of the Unmanifest (Supreme Soul).
It is both Intelligent and non-Intelligent. I
have thus told thee about Sattwa (inert matter) and
Kshetrajna (immaterial spirit). Both kinds of
Soul, it is said in the Vedas, become attached to
objects of the senses. The doctrine of the Sankhyas
is that one should keep oneself aloof or dissociated
from objects of the senses. That Yogin who is
freed from attachment and pride, who transcends all
pairs of opposites, such as pleasure and pain, heat
and cold, etc., who never gives way to wrath or
hate, who never speaks an untruth, who, though slandered
or struck, still shows friendship for the slanderer
or the striker, who never thinks of doing ill to others,
who restrains the three, viz., speech, acts, and
mind, and who behaves uniformly towards all creatures,
succeeds in approaching the presence of Brahman.
That person who cherishes no desire for earthly objects,
who is not unwilling to take what comes, who is dependent
on earthly objects to only that extent which is necessary
for sustaining life, who is free from cupidity, who
has driven off all grief, who has restrained his senses,
who goes through all necessary acts, who is regardless
of personal appearance and attire, whose senses are
all collected (for devotion to the true objects of
life), whose purposes are never left, unaccomplished,[914]