of his instructors on the character of the Soul, and
in their doctrines of extinction upon the dissolution
of the body or of rebirth after death. Once upon
a time a great ascetic of the name of Panchasikha,
the son of Kapila, having roamed over the whole world,
arrived at Mithila. Endued with correct conclusions
in respect of all speculations about the diverse duties
connected with renunciation, he was above all pairs
of opposites (such as heat and cold, happiness and
misery), and of doubts he had none. He was regarded
as the foremost of Rishis. Dwelling wherever
he pleased, he desired to place before the reach of
all men eternal felicity that is so difficult of attainment.
It seemed that he went about, amazing the world, having
assumed the form of none else than that great Rishi,
that lord of creatures, whom the followers of the
Sankhya doctrine knew by the name of Kapila. He
was the foremost of all the disciples of Asuri and
was called the undying. He had performed a mental
Sacrifice that had lasted for thousand years.[794]
He was firm in mind, and had completed all the rites
and sacrifices that are enjoined in the scriptures
and that lead to the attainment of Brahma. He
was fully conversant with the five sheaths that cover
the soul.[795] He was devoted to the five acts connected
with the adoration of Brahma, and had the five qualities
(of tranquillity, self-restraint, etc.).
Known (as already said) by the name of Panchasikha,
he had approached one day a large concourse of Rishis
following the Sankhya doctrines and enquired of them
about the highest object of human acquisition, viz.,
the Unmanifest or that upon which the five Purushas
or sheaths (already named) rest.[796] For the sake
of obtaining a knowledge of the Soul, Asuri had enquired
of his preceptor. In consequence of the latter’s
instructions and of his own penances, Asuri understood
the distinction between the body and the Soul and
had acquired celestial vision.[797] In that concourse
of ascetics, Asuri made his exposition of the Immutable
One, and Indestructible Brahma which is seen in diverse
forms. Panchasikha became a disciple of Asuri.
He lived on human milk. There was a certain Brahmani
of the name of Kapila. She was the wife of Asuri.[798]
Panchasikha was accepted by her as a son and he used
to suck her breasts. In consequence of this,
he came to be known as the son of Kapila and his understanding
became fixed on Brahma. All this, about the circumstances
of his birth and those that led to his becoming the
son of Kapila, was said unto me by the divine Rishi.[799]
The latter also told me about the omniscience of Panchasikha.
Conversant with all courses of duty, Panchasikha,
after having himself acquired high knowledge, (came
to Janaka) and knowing that that king had equal reverence
for all his preceptors, began to amaze that century
of preceptors (by an exposition of his doctrine fraught),
with abundant reasons. Observing the talent of
Kapileya, Janaka became exceedingly attached to him,