[17] That is:  Achin (or Acheen), in Sumatra; Pajang, a province in Java; and Bengal, in India.

[18] At the end of this pamphlet is the imprint, showing that permission to print it was given to Clemente Hidalgo on May 9, 1606; and that it was printed by him in the same year, at Sevilla.  It was sold at the establishments of Melchor Goncalez and Rafael Charte.

[19] In the margin:  “The Parian, establishment and residence of the Sangleys, on the other side of the Manila River.”

[20] The leaves of a species of palm (Nipa fruticans), used as thatch to cover houses.

[21] Probably a misprint for Moros.

[22] Cf.  La Concepcion’s account of this insurrection, in Hist. de Philippinas, iv, pp. 52-64.

[23] At this point, in the printed original, follow the words tribuleco llamadotin—­evidently some typographical error.

[24] This letter will be found in Vol.  XIII, pp. 287-291; Morga also gives it in his Sucesos (which will be presented in our Vols.  XV and XVI).

[25] Korea had been conquered by the Japanese in 1592, but soon afterward was partially regained by the Chinese (Vol.  VIII, pp. 260-262; IX, pp. 36, 44, 46).  The death of the Japanese ruler Hideyoshi (1598), and the consequent recall of the Japanese troops, left affairs between the three countries unsettled; finally Iyeyasu, ruler of Japan, made peace with Korea and China, in 1605.

[26] Another account of this insurrection is given by Gregorio Lopez, S.J., in a letter dated April, 1604; it is substantially the same as those already presented in this series, but Lopez relates in much fuller detail the final pursuit of the Sangleys.  He also states that the Chinese Juan Bautista de Bera (Vera), whose heathen name was Hincan, had lived in Manila since the time of Limahon; and that in the conflict there were twenty stalwart Sangleys to each Spaniard.  He enumerates the Spanish citizens slain by the Sangleys, mentioning the place where each died.  A copy of this letter is contained in the Ventura del Acro MSS. (Ayer library)—­for account of which collection see Vol.  VI, pp. 231, 232—­in vol. i, pp. 121-272; it is accompanied by the statement that the original MS. is in the Real Academia de lit Historia, Madrid—­its pressmark, “Jesuitas, Filipinas; legajo no. 7.”

[27] Recopilacion de leyes, lib. vi, tit. vi, ley viii, contains the following law in regard to the appointment of the protector of the Indians; “The bishops of Filipinas were charged by us with the protection and defense of those Indians.  Having seen that they cannot attend to the importunity, and judicial acts and investigations, which require personal presence, we order the president-governors to appoint a protector and defender, and to assign him a competent salary from the taxes of the Indians, proportioned among those which shall be assigned to our royal crown and to private persons, without touching our royal treasury, which proceeds from other kinds [of taxes].  We declare that it is not our intention by this to deprive the bishops of their superintendence and protection of the Indians in general.” (Felipe II, Madrid, January 17, 1593, in a clause of a letter).