to Cagayan.  This last was one of the reasons why Cagayan had always been hostile, and the Indians never weary of continuing the war; for they went inland by way of the river—­where, the Spaniards did not know, beyond the fact that they were supplied from that region with provisions and other things, which the Spaniards took from them, in order to reduce them.  When the governor asked the Spaniards the reason for so much neglect—­why, for twenty years, they had made no attempt to go inland, since that was so important for the pacification of what was discovered—­they did not know what to answer, except that a certain number of Spaniards had once ascended the Cagayan River, seven of whom were captured by the Indians.  Since then, they said, the ascent had not been again attempted.  The governor, having found that, although he tried to obtain from the Spaniards more definite information of the nature and characteristics of the said new land of Tuy, they were unable to give him any account of the said province, tried to gain information of that land by means of some of the natives.  This he did by sending two Indians thither with all secrecy.  One of them only, the more clever of the two, reported that beyond the farthest village of the Sanbales toward the north, he had learned with certainty that there were three or four villages of very well-disposed Indians, and that the country was excellent.  He recounted some details of it, adding that he believed that the river of that province ended in Cagayan.  The governor realized the importance of the expedition from this relation, and through two Indian women (by the medium of two interpreters from that land); and saw that the sure pacification of all Cagayan and of this island of Luzon, and the removal of errors by ascertaining with certainty what it contained, depended on that expedition.  There was also reasonable ground, from the indications and reports adduced, for expecting that there must be many undiscovered Indian settlements.  Accordingly he determined—­although against the advice of the Spaniards who had lived longest in the country, who declared that the country was thoroughly explored and that there was nothing else to explore in it—­to send his son, Don Luis Dasmarinas, thither to make the said new exploration of Tuy.  The latter was to be accompanied by the captain and sargento-mayor, Juan Xuarez Gallinato, Captain Don Alonso de Sotomayor, and Captain Cristoval de Asqueta (all old residents), and seventy soldiers, most of whom the governor had brought new with him from Espana, besides certain of the governor’s servants and some other soldiers who had been here in the country.  The said Don Luis was accompanied also by two fathers, religious of the Order of St. Augustine, for the greater justification both of the expedition and of the mildness with which he was to proceed.  One was the definitor, Fray Diego Gutierrez, and the other, Fray Mateo de Peralta.  Juan de Argumedo, and even many soldiers and others, private