show by their deeds that they desire just what they say, for they begged a servant of this chief to teach them the prayers and Christian instruction.  They learned these in the Tagal language and went to pray before a cross raised by the same chief.  It is reported that their land is quite capable of sustaining the burden of the Ygolotes and the Spaniards who should go there to discover and work the mines; and would be of great service in the discovery of them and the pacification of the mountaineers, because of their communication with the latter, as the said province borders on the said Ygolotes.  The land contains many settlements and many level plains, while its rice is the best that is grown in the Yndias.

The nature of that land is for the most part good.  It is an upland situated between two mountains, and is covered with grass, like Castilla.  There is abundance of water and trees; and there are many valleys and broad, pleasant plains.  It has many deer and carabaos, or buffaloes.  Sugarcane is grown, and produces abundantly, and it attains a much larger growth than in other regions; and even, where moisture is obtained, many trees grow.  There are many bare mountains, thought to be composed of minerals.  The highest mountains are very rugged.  The region explored by those who have gone there hitherto has been only the valley of Tuy, and part of the headwaters of the river of the same name.  This river becomes of great volume, and terminates at the city of Nueva Segovia, or Cagayan.  It contains numerous fish, and the best ones that are found in the island of Luzon.  This valley and province are said to be forty leguas long, and end at the mountains of the Ygolotes.  Its width is unknown, except that it extends from the province of Pangasinan to the sea, from which one may infer that is a greater distance than the forty leguas.

Relation of what has been known from old times, in these districts, of the rich mines of the Ygolotes—­both from seeing the great amount of gold that the Indians of those mountains have extracted without skill, and are still obtaining, and which they sell to the neighboring provinces, and trade for food; and by persons (Spaniards as well as Indians) who have been in the mines opened by those mountaineers.

First, it is to be taken for granted that they are located in the mountains and ridges called Ygolotes, at somewhat less than eighteen degrees of latitude; It is an upland situated between two mountains, and is covered with grass, like Castilla.  There is abundance of water and trees; and there are many valleys and broad, pleasant plains.  It has many deer and carabaos, or buffaloes.  Sugarcane is grown, and produces abundantly, and it attains a much larger growth than in other regions; and even, where moisture is obtained, many trees grow.  There are many bare mountains, thought to be composed of minerals.  The highest mountains are very rugged.  The region explored by those who have gone there hitherto has