I shall here conclude this article, since all we can say of this people, on our own knowledge, hath been laid before the reader in the preceding volume.
[78] It is proper to remark, that Atlassoff sent an
advanced party, under
the command of a subaltern,
called Lucas Moloskoff, who certainly
penetrated into Kamtschatka,
and returned with an account of his
success before Atlassoff set
out, and is therefore not unjustly
mentioned as the discoverer
of Kamtschatka.
[79] This river empties itself into the Jenesei.
[80] Captain Krusenstern informs us, that the people
in Kamtschatska, and
more especially the Kamtschadales,
are decreasing in number very
rapidly, and from different
causes. They are subject to several
epidemic complaints; one of
which, he says, carried off upwards of
five thousand persons in the
years 1800 and 1801. But the principal
causes of depopulation, which,
if not speedily removed, threaten the
total extinction of the inhabitants,
are not dependent on the
severity, or even any peculiar
maladies of the climate. It is to the
excessive use of spirits,
and an extraordinary disproportion in the
number of females, that this
serious evil is to be chiefly imputed.
The great moral defect in
the character of the native Kamtschadale, is
his propensity to drunkenness;
in which, it will readily be believed,
he finds companions amongst
his neighbours; and in which, still more
unfortunately, he is absolutely
encouraged, for the most fraudulent
purposes, by the petty agents
of the American Company, and the other
merchants in Kamtschatka.
Nothing can be more infamous than what is
related by Krusenstern on
this subject. Let the following description
suffice. It is applied
by K. indeed to a state of matters which
formerly existed without controul,
but which the government, he would
have us believe, has lately
endeavoured to destroy. How far this
interference has availed,
or is likely to avail, may be conjectured,
though not without some very
painful emotions, from the circumstance
admitted by K. himself, that
there are few Kamtschadales remaining on
whom its benefits can operate;
and the opinion he has also given, that
before many years have elapsed,
these few will perhaps have entirely
disappeared. “With
no other wares,” says this candid man, “than
a
large quantity of very bad
gin, the merchants travelled about the
country to procure furs.
As soon as one of them arrived in an ostrog,
he treated his host with a
glass of spirits. The Kamtschadales are all
so unfortunately attached
to strong liquors, that it is absolutely
impossible for them to resist
the pleasure of getting intoxicated. As
soon as he has drank a glass
of gin, which he receives for nothing, he