[Footnote 1:  The Royal Observatory at Greenwich is now the first meridian in British maps and globes, from which St Paul’s in London is 0 deg. 5’ 37” W. the observatory of Paris 2 deg. 20’ E. Teneriffe peak 16 deg. 40’ W. and Ferrotown 17 deg. 45’ 50” W.]

This cape is bounded by two rivers, the Senegal and Gambia, called by the ancients the Garatius and Stachiris.  It has an island to the west, which is frequented by an infinite number of birds, the eggs of which are frequently gathered by mariners going this way.  This cape is dangerous to land upon, because of a great many sunken rocks about it.  The continent is here inhabited by negroes, who trade with all nations, and speak many languages, especially French and Portuguese.  Most of them go naked, except a piece of cloth about their middle, but their princes and great men wear long garments of calico striped with blue, and made like shifts; they hang also little square bags of leather on their arms and legs, but we could not learn of them what these bags contain.[2] They wear necklaces made of sea-horses teeth, alternating with glass beads; and have caps of blue and white striped calico on their heads.  They are a prudent and wise people, cultivating their soil, which bears good rice and other articles sufficient for their maintenance; and the richer people keep cattle, which are very dear, as being scarce.  They have many good blacksmiths, and iron is much, valued among them, being forged into fish-spears, implements for cultivating the ground, and various weapons, as the heads of arrows, darts, and javelins.  Their religion seems to border on Mahometism, as they are all circumcised; but they have little knowledge of the true God, except among a few who converse with Christians.  They are very lascivious, and may have as many wives as they please; but the women are seldom contented with one husband, and are passionately fond of strangers.  The whole country is under subjection to the governors or head-men of the various towns and villages, who row on board such ships as arrive, making them pay customs.  Several Portuguese reside here, who trade freely with all nations, but have no power or authority, except over their own slaves and servants.

[Footnote 2:  These are called obi, containing a variety of ridiculous trash, and are held in superstitious esteem as amulets.—­E.]

Having the advantage of a strong N.E. wind, they took their departure from Cape de Verde, and continued their course for six weeks, without coming to anchor or handing a sail.  In this long passage, they had some days in which the heat was almost insupportable, and the crew began to murmur excessively on account of being at short allowance of water.  On this occasion one of the swabbers got into the hold, and, being extremely thirsty, pierced a cask of brandy, of which he pulled, so heartily that he was soon intoxicated to a degree of madness.  In this condition he