6.  Silver test fair.

7.  The glycerine, when diluted one-half, should give no deposit or separation of fatty acids when nitric peroxide gas is passed through it.  (Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 5 are the most essential.)

The white flocculent matter sometimes formed is a very great nuisance, and any sample of glycerol which gives such a precipitate when tried in the laboratory should at once be rejected, as it will give no end of trouble in the separating house, and also in the filter house, and it will be very difficult indeed to make the nitro-glycerine pass the heat test.  The out-turn of nitro-glycerine also will be very low.  The trouble will show itself chiefly in the separating operation.  Very often 2 or 3 inches will rise to the surface or hang about in the nitro-glycerine, and at the point of contact between it and the mixed acids, and will afterwards be very difficult to get rid of by filtration.  The material appears to be partly an emulsion of the glycerine, and partly due to fatty acids, and as there appears to be no really satisfactory method of preventing its formation, or of getting rid of it, the better plan is not to use any glycerine for nitrating that has been found by experiment upon the laboratory scale to give this objectionable matter.  One of the most useful methods of testing the glycerine, other than nitrating, is to dilute the sample one-half with water, and then to pass a current of nitric peroxide gas through it, when a flocculent precipitate of elaidic acid (less soluble in glycerine than the original oleic acid) will be formed.  Nitrogen peroxide, N_{2}O_{4}, is best obtained by heating dry lead nitrate (see Allen, “Commercial Organic Analysis,” vol. ii., 301).

When a sample of nitro-glycerine is brought to the laboratory from the filter house, it should first be examined to see that it is not acid.[A] A weak solution of Congo red or methyl orange may be used.  If it appears to be decidedly alkaline, it should be poured into a separating funnel, and shaken with a little distilled water.  This should be repeated, and the washings (about 400 c.c.) run into a beaker, a drop of Congo red or methyl orange added, and a drop or so of N/2 hydrochloric acid added, when it should give, with two or three drops at most, a blue colour with the Congo red, or pink with the methyl orange, &c.  The object of this test is to show that the nitro-glycerine is free from any excess of soda, i.e., that the soda has been properly washed out, otherwise the heat test will show the sample to be better than it is.  The heat test must also be applied.

[Footnote A:  A. Leroux, Bul.  Soc.  Chim. de Bel., xix., August 1905, contends that experience does not warrant the assumption that free acid is a source of danger in nitro-glycerine or nitro-cellulose; free alkali, he states, promotes their decomposition.]