The intrepidity and mental resources of a brave man are more discernible in the hour of patient suffering, than in that of daring action:  and the contents of this volume form a record of heroic doings and endurances, which exhibits the British seaman as a true specimen of the national character.  Duty is his watchword, and the leading principle by which he is governed.  Nelson knew the spirits he had to deal with, when he hoisted the memorable signal, ’England expects every man to do his duty.’  He was well aware that the men who could patiently and calmly face the toil and danger of a blockading fleet, day and night, on the stormy waves of the Bay of Biscay, or on the lee shores of the Mediterranean, such as his fleet had had to encounter, wanted no other stimulus, in the presence of the enemy, than that which he so confidently applied.  Napoleon found to his cost, on the field of Waterloo, that the word Glory had no longer any power to launch his battalions successfully against troops, who had learnt in the British school of duty and obedience to confront death, not only in the impetuous battle-charge, but in the more trying season of long endurance in the Lines of Torres Vedras.  Men who can wait, and bear and forbear, and remain steadily at their post under every provocation to leave it, are invincible opponents.  The cool determination which resisted the onset, and withstood the furious rush of the French Guards, was part and parcel of the same character which made heroes of the comrades of Nelson.  To obey implicitly, and to feel that no quality is superior to that of obedience,—­to wait for your commander’s word,—­to keep order,—­to preserve presence of mind,—­to consider yourself one of many, who are to follow the same rule, and to act in unison with each other,—­to regulate your movements according to the demands of the common safety,—­to consider your honour to be as much at stake in submitting to a command to remain stationary and not to stir, as to dash forward,—­these are the peculiarities, which constitute the substantial excellence of the national character; and the shipwrecks of the Royal Navy illustrate this national character even more than the battles of the Nile and of Trafalgar.  The perils of a shipwreck are so much beyond those of a battle, that the loss of life, when the St. George, the Defence, and the Hero, were wrecked in the North Seas, in 1811, was far greater than that on the part of the English in any naval action of late years.  In order to place the qualities of obedience and endurance—­so characteristic of the British seaman—­in the strongest light, and to show by contrast that the possession of them is the greatest security in danger, whilst the want of them ensures destruction, I commend the following statement to the attention of all who shall read this volume.