[Sidenote:  Mental and moral qualities.]

With this conservatism of the mountaineer is generally coupled suspicion toward strangers, extreme sensitiveness to criticism, superstition, strong religious feeling, and an intense love of home and family.  The bitter struggle for existence makes him industrious, frugal, provident; and, when the marauding stage has been outgrown, he is peculiarly honest as a rule.  Statistics of crime in mountain regions show few crimes against property though many against person.  When the mountain-bred man comes down into the plains, he brings with him therefore certain qualities which make him a formidable competitor in the struggle for existence,—­the strong muscles, unjaded nerves, iron purpose, and indifference to luxury bred in him by the hard conditions of his native environment.

NOTES TO CHAPTER XVI

[1253] Heinrich von Treitschke, Politik, Vol.  I, p. 218.  Leipzig, 1897.

[1254] For full discussion, see H.R.  Mill, International Geography, pp. 79-81.  New York, 1902.

[1255] J. Thomson, Through Masai Land, pp. 78-82, 113-115, 122, 140-141, 163-167, 406-407.  London, 1885.

[1256] J. Russell Smith, Plateaus in Tropical America, in Report of Eighth International Geographical Congress, pp. 829-831.  Washington, 1905.

[1257] Isaiah Bowman, The Distribution of Population in Bolivia, Bulletin American Geographical Society, pp. 74-78, Vol.  VII. 1909.

[1258] D.G.  Hogarth, The Nearer East, p. 157.  London, 1902.

[1259] Roosevelt, Winning of the West, Vol.  I, pp. 52-56.  New York, 1895.  C.C.  Royce, The Cherokee Nation of Indians, Fifth Annual Report of Bureau of Ethnology, pp. 140-143.  Washington, 1887.

[1260] W.Z.  Ripley, The Races of Europe, pp. 253-254.  New York, 1899.

[1261] G.L.  Gomme, The Village Community, pp. 72, 75-95.  New York, 1890.

[1262] H.R.  Mill, International Geography, pp. 148, 154, 155.  New York, 1902.

[1263] J. Partsch, Central Europe, pp. 204, 207.  London, 1903.

[1264] H.R.  Mill, International Geography, p. 304.  New York, 1902.

[1265] J. Partsch, Central Europe, p. 221.  London, 1903.

[1266] Alfred Stead, Japan by the Japanese, p. 425.  London, 1904.  Henry Dyer, Dai Nippon, p. 241.  New York, 1904.

[1267] Boyd Winchester, The Swiss Republic, pp. 307-308.  Phila., 1891.

[1268] Wilhelm Deecke, Italy, pp. 190, 358-361.  London, 1904.

[1269] Elisee Reclus, Europe, Vol.  I, p. 284.  New York, 1882.

[1270] S.P.  Scott, History of the Moorish Empire in Spain, Vol.  III, pp. 610-613.  Philadelphia, 1904.

[1271] M. Niebuhr, Travels Through Arabia, Vol.  I, pp. 290-291, 300.  Edinburgh, 1792.  S.M.  Zwemer, Arabia the Cradle of Islam, pp. 57, 68, 69, 415.  New York, 1900.

[1272] D.G.  Hogarth, The Nearer East, pp. 75, 140, 267.  London, 1902.