[544] Col.  Lane Fox, Early Modes of Navigation, Journal of Anthropological Institute, Vol.  IV, pp. 423-425.

[545] H.M.  Stanley, Through the Dark Continent, Vol.  I, pp. 313-314.  New York, 1879.

[546] Ibid., Vol.  II, pp. 184, 219-220, 270-272, 300.

[547] Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol.  II, p. 288.  London, 1896-1898.

[548] Ibid., Vol I, pp. 358-359.  Spencer and Gillen, Northern Tribes of Central Australia, pp. 679-680.  London, 1904.

[549] Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol.  I, pp. 153-154; Vol.  II, pp. 91, 100.  London, 1896-1898.

[550] Ibid., Vol.  I, pp. 166-170.

[551] Captain Winkler, Sea Charts Formerly Used in the Marshall Islands, Smithsonian Report for 1899, translated from the Marine Rundschau.  Berlin, 1898.

[552] Captain James Cook, Journal of First Voyage Round the World, pp. 70, 105, 119, 221, 230.  Edited by W.J.L.  Wharton.  London, 1893.

[553] Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol.  I, pp. 161, 174.  London, 1896-1898.

[554] The Commercial and Fiscal Policy of the Venetian Republic, Edinburgh Review, Vol. 200, pp. 352-353. 1904.

[555] H. Helmolt, History of the World, Vol.  I, pp. 188-189, 193-195.  New York, 1902-1906.

[556] G. Sergi, The Mediterranean Race, pp. 29-37.  New York, 1901.  W.Z.  Ripley, Races of Europe, pp. 128-130, 270-273, 387-390, 407, 444, 448.  New York, 1899.

[557] H.J.  Mackinder, Britain and the British Seas, pp. 189-190.  London, 1904.

[558] Sydow-Wagner Schul-Atlas, Voelker und Sprachenkarten, No. 13.  Gotha, 1905.  A. Leroy-Beaulieu, The Empire of the Tsars, map p. 80.  New York, 1897.

[559] Helmolt, History of the World, Vol.  VI, pp. 5-17.  New York, 1902-1906.

[560] E.C.  Semple, The Development of the Hanse Towns in Relation to their Geographical Environment, Bulletin American Geographical Society, Vol.  XXXI, No. 3, 1899.

[561] Helen Zimmern, The Hansa Towns, pp. 24-25, 54-55.  New York, 1895.

[562] Nordenskiold, The Voyage of the Vega, pp. 365, 588, 591.  New York, 1882.

[563] Ibid., pp. 375, 403, 405, 487, 563.

[564] Agnes Laut, The Vikings of the Pacific, pp. 62-105.  New York, 1905.

[565] Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol.  III, pp. 446, 449-450.  London, 1896-1898.

[566] Ibid., Vol.  III, pp. 180-195.

[567] Duarte Barbosa, The Coasts of East Africa and Malabar, pp. 17-18.  Hakluyt Society Publications.  London, 1866.

[568] Ratzel, History of Mankind, Vol.  III, pp. 443-444.  London, 1896-1898.

[569] Angus Hamilton, Korea, pp. 130-135.  New York, 1904.

[570] Census of the Philippine Islands, Vol.  I, pp. 318-320, 478, 481-495.  Washington, 1903.

[571] Hans Helmolt, History of the World, Vol.  II, pp. 544-545.  New York, 1902-1906.