Again a marvellous interposition of accidents prevented this his second projected service in America.  Before the troops could set sail, the insurrection at Madrid on the 2nd of May, 1808, against the French under Murat, drew the attention of England to the Peninsula, where some hope of successful resistance to Napoleon began to dawn.  Once more the destination of the future conqueror was averted from the West, and he was ordered in command to the South.

Sir Arthur Wellesley landed at the mouth of the river Mondego in Portugal on the 3rd of August.  Here he received intimation that re-inforcements under Sir John Moore were about to be sent.  Moore was his superior officer, and there was also Sir Hew Dalrymple and Sir Harry Burrard on their way, the former of whom would take the chief, and the latter, the second command of the army.  There was but little time for Sir Arthur to strike the decisive blow, and although he was not the man to force a battle for the sake of fame, he could not but feel anxious for distinction in this new sphere before all opportunity should be cut off, by the arrival of his superiors in command.  Fortune in this was on his side; and he had not been many days in Portugal before he was enabled to defeat the French at the pass of Rolica, and, on the 21st of August, to gain the battle of Vimeiro.

While this battle was at its height, Sir Harry Burrard arrived, but would not interfere with Sir Arthur’s dispositions.  The French were soon after beaten on the left, and Sir Arthur then urged on Sir Harry the advance of our right wing upon Torres Vedras, while our left would pursue the enemy:  his object being to cut off Junot’s retreat on Lisbon.  No man now doubts that this was counsel wise as well as bold; but Sir Harry Burrard declined to take it, and the golden opportunity was lost.  Sir Arthur, who carried military obedience almost to the extent of a chivalrous sentiment, submitted to the orders, though he did not acquiesce in the judgment of his superior officer; but he could not help saying to one of his officers who stood by, “well, then, we have nothing to do but to go and shoot red-legged partridges!” the common game of that part of Portugal.

Sir Arthur Wellesley’s subsequent conduct to Sir Harry Burrard was highly honourable.  He declared voluntarily before the Court of Inquiry that, though he still differed in opinion with Sir Harry as to the not advancing after the battle of Vimeiro, his opinion was, that Sir H. Burrard “had decided upon fair military grounds, in the manner which appeared to him to be the most conducive to the interests of the country;” and his belief, “that Sir Harry had no motive for his decision which could be supposed personal to him, or which as an officer he could not avow.”

The untoward convention of Cintra, which followed the victory of Vimeiro, was received in England with one universal cry of indignation.  Sir Arthur Wellesley was no farther implicated in it than that he signed it as one of the generals, although disapproving of it from the first.  Pending the inquiry, instituted in England on the convention, he returned thither, and his evidence was satisfactory alike to the court and to the public.