not exist in the forest and very little grows which is edible.  It is therefore necessary to carry sufficient flour, butter, lard, condiments, tinned meats, vegetables and fruits in order to cook, and to make a variety from the antelopes, fish, game, goats and chickens which are procurable on the spot.  Water bottles and filters are very necessary, but for Africa the best change at home—­those which have porcelain cores—­are of no use for the water is very muddy, and the minute pores at once become blocked.  The charcoal filters, although bulky to carry, are therefore the best for the forest.  The question of alcohol must be left to the individual himself, but it must be remembered that there are only a very few places where it can be purchased in the Congo and that the State officials are only permitted to have a limited amount for themselves.  Undoubtedly the best wine for the climate is good claret or burgundy, and the healthiest spirit, whisky.  It is however, well to have some medical comforts in the shape of champagne and brandy to take after attacks of fever.  Excellent native coffee can be purchased; tea and sugar must be carried.  Drugs, especially iron, quinine, arsenic and phenacetin are essential as also splints, bandages and dressings in case of accidents.

Now it must be remembered that the climate is hot and humid.  Metals rust at once, leather and cloth become mouldy, food stuffs will keep one or two days only after the tins are opened, and cigars, tobacco and cigarettes become damp and ferment.  In packing therefore, all the food, cigars, cigarettes and tobacco should be soldered airtight and in tins so arranged that when once opened, it is possible to shut them again.  A tin of sardines or condensed milk once opened cannot be carried in a case liable to be upside down at any moment.  There are however, some bottles with screw tops and india-rubber rings in which Messrs. Crosse and Blackwell send out jam.  These are airtight and so very useful for when they are empty they can be cleaned and used for milk, sardines, or anything else again and again.  Messrs. Huntley and Palmer pack biscuits in their usual tins but with an inner lid soldered, and these are also very convenient.  Above all things, remember curry powder, pickles, chutney and Worcester sauce, for even goat’s flesh can be rendered pleasant if it tastes of something else.  All this may sound trivial, but it is really very important, for the appetite is easily lost in the Congo and if the strength is not maintained by plenty of food, sickness is certain to follow.  Leather cases for rifles and guns are not good as they deteriorate.  The best case I have ever seen was made for me by a ship’s boatswain.  It was of strong sail canvas made to fit the rifle and covered outside with ordinary ship’s paint; the inside speedily became lined with oil and the whole formed an excellent guard against the damp.  It is however, necessary to have firearms cleaned and oiled nearly every day whether used or not.