And then at once John goes to the intensest, and the most significant incident of this whole section of the book.  It is the drastic turning out, by Jesus, of the traders in the temple-area at Jerusalem.  This touched at once the national leaders’ most sensitive nerve, and touched it roughly.  It never ceased aching.  This turning of the temple-area into a common market-place, which so jarred on the holy atmosphere of the place, and on Jesus’ fine spirit, this was by arrangement with these leaders, and yielded them large profit.  Here was the sore spot.

With one deft stroke John lays bare the secret of the intense hatred of Jesus by these national leaders, with which these pages teem, and which came to its bursting head at the cross.  Long after, when Jesus had died and been raised, these five leading disciples find a new strengthening of their faith in recalling words spoken at this time by Jesus.[23]

Growing naturally out of this Passover visit comes the Nicodemus incident.  Many of the Passover crowds were caught by the power of Jesus shown in the miracles He did, but had not the seasoned thoughtful faith of these first disciples.  But one man sifts himself out by his spirit of earnest inquiry.  The sharp contrast that runs throughout these incidents stands out here.  This man is of the inner upper cultured circle, that controlled national affairs, that sent that Jordan committee, and that had been so upset by the temple cleansing.

Yet not only Nicodemus’ earnest search for truth, and the questions asked by him, but the fullness and fineness of spirit truth in Jesus’ words to him reveal the true faith of this rare inquirer; and this is verified by his later actions.[24] Clearly Jesus found here an opened door.  Here is the first of those exquisite bits of Jesus’ teaching that mark John’s Gospel.[25]

These four incidents make up the first group of, what I think of as, the three chief groups of incidents in this section of John.  The group begins at the Jordan, and runs up into Galilee, but in its interest and its chief incident, centres in Jerusalem.  The action begins with John the witness, and swings naturally to Jesus.  The contrast in this group of incidents is intense.  With the same evidence at hand, first contemptuous silence and loving allegiance, then the beginnings of bitterest hate and of tenderest personal love, grow up side by side.

Then there is a sort of swing-away-from-Jerusalem group that includes three incidents.  After the rejection of John’s witness to Jesus[26] by the nation’s leaders, Jesus withdraws from Jerusalem to the country districts of Judea.  There He takes up the sort of work John has been doing, so bearing His witness to John.  John had drawn great crowds down to the Jordan and in the neighbourhood of its tributary streams.

Now Jesus helps in arousing and instructing these crowds.  There are two men preaching instead of one, and Jesus has the greater crowds.  This is used to make trouble.  It stirs up gossipy disputings.  It is made to look like a jealous rivalry between the two men.  And this supposed rivalry and disputing about the various claims of the two men become the uppermost thing.  It reflects the characteristic spirit of the leaders.  John greatly renews his witness to Jesus with fresh emphasis and earnestness.[27]