[Footnote 26:  See Cancellieri, Solenni possessi de’Papi, p. 539.]

[Footnote 27:  According to Champollion, it was originally erected in Heliopolis by Ramesses 7th son of the great Ramesses or Sesostris; Pliny says by Nuncoreus son of Sesostris.  Caligula transported it to Rome, and placed it in the circus afterwards called Nero’s, where it remained standing till the time of Sixtus V.]

[Footnote 28:  It was customary in Lent, says St. Audoenus, to cover with a linen veil the tomb of Eligius to conceal the brightness of the gold and the splendour of the gems”.  Vita S. Eligii l. 2. c. 40.  Thus does the church at this season put off her costly nuptial robes, and vest herself in weeds of deepest mourning.  The time for veiling the crucifix and images has varied at different periods.  The Saturday before passion-sunday is now the first, and holy Saturday the last day, of this observance.]

[Footnote 29:  S. Isidore (A.D. 600.) observes, that acolythes are called in Latin Ceroferarii “from their carrying wax tapers when the gospel is to be read or sacrifice is to be offered”.  In the eleventh century Micrologus testifies “that Mass, according to the Ordo Romanus, was never celebrated without lights, even in the day time, as a type of the light of Christ”.  To this custom we shall recur in the following chapter.]

[Footnote 30:  Pietro de Marca maintains, that the crucifix borne before the Pope was substituted in place of the labarum or standard carried before the emperors.  That of Constantine had the form of a cross, and was surmounted with XP the first letters of Christ’s name, Eus.  In Vita Const. l. 4.]

[Footnote 31:  I shall not speak of some ancient ceremonies of holy week which have fallen into disuse, such as the custom of carrying the gospel or the B. Sacrament in triumphant procession on Palm-Sunday, and others alluded to by Cancellieri and described by Martene, De Antiq.  Eccl.  Rit.]

[Footnote 32:  In times of schism caused by antipopes it was a practice of the utmost importance.  Thus we read in Baronius’ Annals A.D. 1160, that when the antipope Cardinal Octavianus, who assumed the name of Victor, had been illegitimately elected, the chapter of St. Peter’s came immediately to the feet of the said Pope Victor, and obeyed “obedivit” and the clergy and people paid due reverence to him, and a great multitude in like manner obeyed:  “the rectors also came to his feet, and paid obedience and reverence”.  Then follows a long list of the clergy of various Roman churches, all of whom it is said that they obeyed.  Thus,

“The Lateran prior and his canons obeyed.  The clergy of the patriarchal church of S. Mary Major’s obeyed etc.”