Dioica shrub of Chummun; trees and these shrubs occupied by thousands of a hymenopterous insect or fly. Joussa very abundant:  a village, the lights of one were visible en route.  The water of the Turnuk is still very much discoloured, its bed shingly, and the ground near it much cut up:  a mill was passed on the river; the valley here not being 500 yards wide:  the climate is more agreeable, though still very hot in the middle of the day; in the shade, the air continues pleasant up to 10 A.M.  Thunder not heavy, was succeeded by a squall from the ENE.; little rain fell, but there were clouds of dust.

4th.—­Reached Khilat-i-Gilzee, distance thirteen and a half miles, from our last encampment, direction NE. by E. as before:  the aspect of the country is unchanged, the road became somewhat difficult about one and a half mile from camp, where a defile exists along the hills forming the bank of the river; it was however much easier than that of Botee.  Thence we continued over undulating ground, leaving the Turnuk river to the right, but reverting to it beyond the fort.  Half-way the deep and steep channel of a river presented a serious obstacle; the country gradually rises until Khilat-i-Gilzee fort is passed, from thence it descends somewhat.  At this place there is a considerable expanse of irregular valleys; and to south curious low undulated ground occurs:  to the south-east is a patch of table land, which is not an uncommon form in these parts; some cultivation here exists along the Turnuk, which runs half a mile below the fort, which is in ruins, occupying a hill not commanded by any near ones.  This is of no great height, and has two ramifications, and in the centre the remains of a tower.

In the valley extending NNE. two villages with castles occur, together with a good many low trees.  Vegetation the same:  a curious Antirrhinoid plant occurs out of flower, Echinops, Carduacea, and a curious Centaurea.  Wet places abound in Rumex and Tamarisk along the river.  Horsemen were seen after passing the fort:  two or three willow trees about the villages. Jhow or barley is selling for ten seers the rupee, atta or flour at eight.

5th.—­Khilat-i-Gilzee is a very uninteresting place, with little appearance of cultivation.  The vegetation of the undulated ground continues the same, Asphodelus, Mesembryanthemoides, remains of Tauschia, and the former Cruciferae.  The Turnuk discharges a good deal of water much discoloured, and forming a series of constant rapids.  The most common plants are Artemisiae two or three species, Centaurea spinosa, Salsola luteiflora, Almond groves, Iris crocifolia? vel sp. affinis, Asphodelus, Mesemb., Salvioides, Thermopsis, Cichorium, Joussa, and Mentha recur, the two last in abundance.  The new plants are a Chenopodium, Polygonum, Lotoides, Triticum, Astragalus, Scirpus, Caesalpinioides, Centaurea micrantha, and Eryngioides:  a spring occurs in the old fort of Khilat-i-Gilzee.