About this place I first met with Thlaspi bursa pastoris, Malva rotundifolia also occurs, Ligustrum, Adhatoda!  Euphorbia ramis 4-gonis, foliis? in spinis abeuntibus!  Bambusa, Urtica urentior, Geranium, Rumex of Khegumpa, Pancratium or Crinum!  Peristropha triflora, Holcus elegans, Pteris aquilina both Artemisias, Panicum cynosuroides!  Stemodium ruderalis!  Callicarpa arborea!  Cerasus, Pyrus indica and malus, Barleria prionitis!  Ervum, Hedychium coronarioides! in wet places, Buchanania, Peperomia, Moschosma!  Dendrobium!  Thibaudia myrtifolia, Gordonia, Dioscorcae!  Tetrantheroid arbor magna, Pinus longifolia, Quercus, 2-sp.  Rhus, Citrus also is found.  Thus the mixture of forms is nearly excessive, those marked ! thus indicate usually low elevations.  Rubia cordifolum.

The whole four leaves of this plant are petiolate, but one pair is perhaps always unequal, one occasionally abortive, I look upon this as a proof that the so-called stipulae of Stellatae are real leaves.  There is this difference then between Rubiaceae and Stellatae, the one has covered buds, the other not.  The development of the lamine before the petiole is particularly conspicuous in this plant.

Buck-wheat with trisulcate seeds, and Cannabis sativa are found here; barley is cultivated.

January 27th.—­Sassee:  temperature 58 degrees, big metal thermometer.  Tomato found here; Leptospartion ascends woody ravines as far as this; of birds, the larger dove is abundant; Verbena officinalis.

January 28th.—­On walls about this a Lobelia, and Stemodia ruderalis occurred.  Sassee is a ruined village, said once to have been large, now containing not more than five or six houses, an equal number being in ruins.

January 29th.—­Commenced to descend almost immediately, until we reached the Giri Nuddee, we then ascended again 5,600 feet, and continued over excessively precipitous rocky ground, until we reached the nullah again.

The same vegetation continued until we had descended some hundred feet.  Pinus, Quercus, Rhododendron, Viburnum, Indigofera, Osbeckia nepalensis, Desmodium, Gaultheria arborea, Rubus, deltoidifolius, Conyza, Saurauja ferruginea, Crawfurdia speciosa, Labiata sudyensis, Dipsacus occurs but is rare, Gordonia, Rubus idaeus, Gleichenia minor, Pendulous lichens, Galium asparagus, Engeldhaardtia, Smilax.

The descent was steep.  Thibaudia myrtifolia, Peperomia, Stemodia grandis, Airoid, Otochilus linearis.

At 300 feet Composita arborea, and penduliflora, Polygonum rheoides,
Flemingia, and a cleared spot with Zea Mays. 400 feet Pteris aquilina,
Rubus moluccanus, Aspidium Polypodioides, Lygodium, Aspidium macrosorum,
Moschosma, Mimosa arborea, Millet, Cerasus, Hedyotis, Plectranthus,
Roylia, Knoxia Scandens, Ruta albiflora, Rottlera, commenced at 500 feet. 
Stemodia, Hovenia, Cerastium, 4-Ovulatum, Carex.

[Gradient Khegumpa to Sassee:  g216.jpg]