issue from every section of the bark of sufficient depth to reach the outer layer of wood, with the outer fibres of which they are obviously continuous.  To such an extent is this carried, that transverse sections of young supports assume the appearance of coarse paint-brushes or tails.  The lenticells, which are very numerous, have nothing whatever to do with their production; if the bark remains entire, no roots are thrown out except by division of the apex.  The branches ascend obliquely, the outermost running nearly horizontally.

The juice is obtained from the larger; that from young parts is less thick:  an exposed semi-denuded root, is selected for transverse incisions through the bark, from which alone the juice flows, a small hole is made in the ground immediately beneath the incised parts into which a leaf, generally of Phrynium capitatum is placed:  it is collected in this simple manner in a very clean state, far more so than that which can be collected from the tree in any other situation.  On issuing, it is of a very rich pure white; if good, of the consistence of cream:  its excellence is known by the degree of consistence, and by the quantity of caoutchouc it contains.  This is ascertained by rubbing a few drops up in the palm of the hand, which causes the watery juice to separate (probably by evaporation) from the caoutchouc which remains in the form of small, oblong, or round portions; and by kneading this in the hand, and striking it sharply once or twice with the fist it acquires elasticity, so that an additional test of excellence is at once pointed out.  Many incisions are made in one tree, the juice flows rapidly at first, at the rate of sixty drops a minute from an ordinary incision, but this soon becomes so much diminished that it dwindles to eight.  The bleeding is continued for two or three days, when it ceases spontaneously by the formation of a layer of caoutchouc over the wound; and it is to the commencement of this that the rapid diminution in the number of drops is perhaps to be attributed.  The quantity obtained from one tree has not exactly been ascertained; by some it is stated to be as much as four or five maunds, while others say that a moderate tree will only yield one gurrah full, or about ten seers.  From the slowness with which it flows, I should consider half a maund to be a fair average for each bleeding.  The juice is, however, said to flow faster at night, but this demands verification.

The operation is repeated at the end of eighteen or twenty days.  In seven miles of jungle we observed eighty trees, by far the greater portion of which were of large size.  Lieutenant Vetch has made a calculation, (on the assumption that they are equally plentiful throughout Chardowar,) that the number in this district alone is —–­ trees.