and in 1865 took part in the “Hampton Roads Conference.”  John Wallace Houston (1841-95), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Delaware, was of Scots descent.  His ancestors first settled in New York city, and Houston Street is named after one of them.  Other Associate Justices of Delaware of Scottish descent are Charles Mason Cullen (1829-1903), and George Gray (b. 1840), Attorney-General (1879-85), United States Senator, Member of the Russo-Japanese Peace Commission of 1898, and Member of the Anthracite Coal Strike Commission of 1902.  James Gilfillan (1829-94), born at Bannockburn, Stirlingshire, “a profound scholar, and as a jurist was distinguished for his ability, firmness, and absolute impartiality.”  William Joseph Robertson (1817-98), born in Virginia of Scottish parents, was Judge of the Supreme Court of Virginia and Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals (1859).  Thomas Sloan Bell (1800-61), of Scottish parentage, became President Judge of the Judicial District of the counties of Wayne, Pike, Carbon, and Monroe, in Pennsylvania, in 1855, and held many other important positions.  Samuel Dana Bell, son of Samuel Bell, Governor of New Hampshire, was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire (1859-64).  Matthew Hall McAllister (1800-65), for several years Mayor of Savannah, Georgia, afterwards United States Circuit Judge of California, LL.D. of Columbia University, was of Scottish ancestry.  Thomas Ewing (1829-96), son of Thomas Ewing, Secretary of the Treasury, at the age of twenty-nine was elected first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio.  During the Civil War he took a conspicuous part and rose to the rank of General.  William Harper (1790-1847), born in Antigua, Leeward Islands, of Scottish parents, was Chancellor of the University of South Carolina (1828-30, 1835-47) and Judge of the Court of Appeals of South Carolina (1830-35).  John Bannister Gibson (1780-1853), Chief Justice of Pennsylvania, was of Ulster Scot descent.  Harry Innes (1752-1816), of Scottish parentage, was one of the Commissioners appointed to draft a constitution for Kentucky, being chosen by Washington because of his integrity.  He was also appointed first Chief Justice of Kentucky but declined the office.  John Buchanan (1772-1844), of Scottish ancestry, was Chief Justice of Maryland, and Chief Justice of the Court of Appeals for thirty-seven years.  His brother, Thomas, was associated with him on the bench.  David Torrance (1840-1906), Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Connecticut, was born in Edinburgh.

SCOTS AS AMBASSADORS

Some of those who have represented this country at foreign courts previously held office in the Cabinet or were Members of the Senate are noted under these headings: