[211] This [1890] has disappeared from legislation, although the personal services for Espana are still continued, and are fifteen days.—­Rizal.

[212] Recopilacion de leyes, lib. vi, tit. xii, ley xii, treating of personal services, reads as follows:  “The religious and the ministers of the instruction, and the alcaldes-mayor of the Filipinas Islands have a weekly repartimiento of Indians which they call tanores, so that the Indians may serve them without pay; and besides the villages contribute to them the fish necessary to them on Fridays, which is against reason and justice.  We order the governor and captain-general, the Audiencia, and any other of our justices, to stop and not allow this personal service and contribution, so that the villages shall in no manner perform it, and we declare the villages free from any obligation that they have or may have.”  This law is dated Madrid, March 17, 1608.

[213] Taal was one of the villages where the most rigging was made for the royal ships.—­Rizal.

[214] This word reales is omitted in the Rizal edition.

[215] A comparatively early law (Recopilacion de leyes, lib. vi, tit. i, ley xv), prohibits the forcible removal of the natives for expeditions of conquest from one island to another.  It is as follows:  “We order that the Indians in the Filipinas Islands be not taken from one island to another forcibly in order to make incursions, and against their will, unless it be under very necessary circumstances, and paying them for their work and trouble.  They shall be well treated and receive no injury.”  Felipe II, Madrid, November 7, 1574.

[216] In Java also the Dutch restrict Europeans from roaming about the country; this is a good regulation for the protection of the inhabitants.—­Stanley.

[217] Stanley praises these regulations; Rizal deplores them, as keeping the men in authority out of touch with the people.

[218] Recopilacion de leyes, lib. iv, tit. x, ley vii, has the following law, dated Madrid, March 17, 1608:  “The governor and captain-general of Filipinas shall for the present appoint the magistracy [regimiento] of the city of Manila, choosing persons who shall prove to be suitable for the office and zealous for the service of God our Lord, and for ours; and he shall not remove them without our special order.”

[219] Many royal decrees related to playing cards.  The monopoly ceased to exist perhaps before the government monopoly on betel was initiated.—­Rizal (in part).

[220] In 1890 he received 12,000 pesos.—­Rizal.

[221] The prebend, in Spanish cathedrals, superior to a canonry.

The following laws (xvi and xvii, respectively) as to the appointments of vacant prebends, are found in Recopilacion de leyes, lib. i, tit. vi.