[204] These are now [1890] made in Spanish.—­Rizal.

[205] Names of petty officers:  the former the name of an officer in oriental countries; the second signifying one who commands.  Dr. T. H. Pardo de Tavera (Costumbres de los Tagalos, Madrid, 1892, p. 10, note 1) says the word dato is now unused by the Tagals. Datu or datuls primitively signified “grandfather,” or “head of the family,” which was equivalent to the head of the barangay.  This name is used in Mindanao and Jolo to designate certain chiefs.

[206] A later law in Recopilacion de leyes (lib. vi, tit. viii, ley xi) regulates the encomienda—­giving power as follows:  “The governor and captain-general of Filipinas shall apportion the encomiendas, in accordance with the regulations to worthy persons, without having other respect than to the service of God our Lord, and our service, the welfare of the public cause, and the remuneration of the most deserving.  Within sixty days, reckoned from the time that he shall have heard of the vacancy, he shall be obliged to apportion them.  If he does not do so, the right to apportion them shall devolve upon and pertain to our royal Audiencia of those islands, and we order the Audiencia to apportion them, paying heed to the laws, within six days, and to avail itself of the edicts and diligences issued by the governor without other new ones.  In case the governor shall not have issued edicts and diligences, the Audiencia shall issue them and make the provision within twenty days.”  Felipe III, Madrid, June 4, 1620.

[207] The rapidity with which many of these encomenderos amassed great wealth in a few years is known, and that they left colossal fortunes at their death.  Some were not satisfied with the tributes and with what they demanded, but made false measures, and balances that weighed twice as much as was indicated.  They often exacted the tributes in certain products only, and appraised the same at what value they wished.—­Rizal.

[208] A law in Recopilacion de leyes (lib. vi, tit. v, ley lxv) cites the above provision and confirms it anew:  “In order to provide instruction for certain villages of the Filipinas Islands, which did not enjoy it, or if they had it, it was not sufficient, it was resolved to increase the tribute, which was formerly eight reals, or its value, per peso, to the proportion of ten Castilian reals apiece.  It was ordered that the increased amount be placed in our royal treasury, and one-half real of it be applied to paying the obligations which had to be met in regard to the tithes, while the one and one-half reals would remain to pay those soldiers there and for other purposes; in consideration of the fact that the funds necessary to send out religious, who are employed in the preaching of the holy gospel, are supplied from our royal treasury, and that the encomenderos were obliged to pay for the ordinary instruction from the eight reals, and the part of the building of churches