Another evil of slavery that I felt severely about this time, was the tyranny and abuse of the overseers.  These men seem to look with an evil eye upon children.  I was once visiting a menagerie, and being struck with the fact, that the lion was comparatively indifferent to every one around his cage, while he eyed with peculiar keenness a little boy I had; the keeper informed me that such was always the case.  Such is true of those human beings in the slave states, called overseers.  They seem to take pleasure in torturing the children of slaves, long before they are large enough to be put at the hoe, and consequently under the whip.

We had an overseer, named Blackstone; he was an extremely cruel man to the working hands.  He always carried a long hickory whip, a kind of pole.  He kept three or four of these in order, that he might not at any time be without one.

I once found one of these hickories lying in the yard, and supposing that he had thrown it away, I picked it up, and boy-like, was using it for a horse; he came along from the field, and seeing me with it, fell upon me with the one he then had in his hand, and flogged me most cruelly.  From that, I lived in constant dread of that man; and he would show how much he delighted in cruelty by chasing me from my play with threats and imprecations.  I have lain for hours in a wood, or behind a fence, to hide from his eye.

At this time my days were extremely dreary.  When I was nine years of age, myself and my brother were hired out from home; my brother was placed with a pump-maker, and I was placed with a stonemason.  We were both in a town some six miles from home.  As the men with whom we lived were not slaveholders, we enjoyed some relief from the peculiar evils of slavery.  Each of us lived in a family where there was no other negro.

The slaveholders in that state often hire the children of their slaves out to non-slaveholders, not only because they save themselves the expense of taking care of them, but in this way they get among their slaves useful trades.  They put a bright slave-boy with a tradesman, until he gets such a knowledge of the trade as to be able to do his own work, and then he takes him home.  I remained with the stonemason until I was eleven years of age:  at this time I was taken home.  This was another serious period in my childhood; I was separated from my older brother, to whom I was much attached; he continued at his place, and not only learned the trade to great perfection, but finally became the property of the man with whom he lived, so that our separation was permanent, as we never lived nearer after, than six miles.  My master owned an excellent blacksmith, who had obtained his trade in the way I have mentioned above.  When I returned home at the age of eleven, I was set about assisting to do the mason-work of a new smith’s shop.  This being done, I was placed at the business, which I soon learned, so as to be called a “first-rate blacksmith.”  I continued to work at this business for nine years, or until I was twenty-one, with the exception of the last seven months.