[Footnote A:  175 whites—­207 free people of color—­and 2,244 slaves.  Total 3,626; according to the census of 1840.]

On the 30th of May, 1803, I was ushered into the world; but I did not begin to see the rising of its dark clouds, nor fancy how they might be broken and dispersed, until some time afterwards.  My infancy was spent upon the floor, in a rough cradle, or sometimes in my mother’s arms.  My early boyhood in playing with the other boys and girls, colored and white, in the yard, and occasionally doing such little matters of labor as one of so young years could.  I knew no difference between myself and the white children; nor did they seem to know any in turn.  Sometimes my master would come out and give a biscuit to me, and another to one of his own white boys; but I did not perceive the difference between us.  I had no brothers or sisters, but there were other colored families living in the same kitchen, and the children playing in the same yard, with me and my mother.

When I was ten or eleven years old, my master set me regularly to cutting wood, in the yard in the winter, and working in the garden in the summer.  And when I was fifteen years of age, he gave me the care of the pleasure horses, and made me his carriage driver; but this did not exempt me from other labor, especially in the summer.  Early in the morning I used to take his three horses to the plantation, and turn them into the pasture to graze, and myself into the cotton or cornfield, with a hoe in my hand, to work through the day; and after sunset I would take these horses back to the city, a distance of three miles, feed them, and then attend to any other business my master or any of his family had for me to do, until bed time, when with my blanket in my hand, I would go into the dining room to rest through the night.  The next day the same round of labor would be repeated, unless some of the family wished to ride out, in which case I must be on hand with the horses to wait upon them, and in the meantime work about the yard.  On Sunday I had to drive to Church twice, which with other things necessary to be done, took the whole day.  So my life went wearily on from day to day, from night to night, and from week to week.

When I began to work, I discovered the difference between myself and my master’s white children.  They began to order me about, and were told to do so by my master and mistress.  I found, too, that they had learned to read, while I was not permitted to have a book in my hand.  To be in the possession of anything written or printed, was regarded as an offence.  And then there was the fear that I might be sold away from those who were dear to me, and conveyed to the far South.  I had learned that being a slave I was subject to this worst (to us) of all calamities; and I knew of others in similar situations to myself, thus sold away.  My friends were not numerous; but in proportion as they were few they were dear; and the thought that I might be separated from them