effect would be, of disconnecting with Parliament
the greatest part of those who hold civil employments,
and of such mighty and important bodies as the military
and naval establishments. It were better, perhaps,
that they should have a corrupt interest in the forms
of the constitution, than that they should have none
at all. This is a question altogether different
from the disqualification of a particular description
of revenue-officers from seats in Parliament; or,
perhaps, of all the lower sorts of them from votes
in elections. In the former case, only the few
are affected; in the latter, only the inconsiderable.
But a great official, a great professional, a great
military and naval interest, all necessarily comprehending
many people of the first weight, ability, wealth,
and spirit, has been gradually formed in the kingdom.
These new interests must be let into a share of representation,
else possibly they may be inclined to destroy those
institutions of which they are not permitted to partake.
This is not a thing to be trifled with; nor is it
every well-meaning man that is fit to put his hands
to it. Many other serious considerations occur.
I do not open them here, because they are not directly
to my purpose; proposing only to give the reader some
taste of the difficulties that attend all capital
changes in the constitution; just to hint the uncertainty,
to say no worse, of being able to prevent the court,
as long as it has the means of influence abundantly
in its power, of applying that influence to Parliament;
and perhaps, if the public method were precluded,
of doing it in some worse and more dangerous method.
Underhand and oblique ways would be studied. The
science of evasion, already tolerably understood, would
then be brought to the greatest perfection. It
is no inconsiderable part of wisdom, to know how much
of an evil ought to be tolerated; lest, by attempting
a degree of purity impracticable in degenerate times
and manners, instead of cutting off the subsisting
ill-practices, new corruptions might be produced for
the concealment and security of the old. It were
better, undoubtedly, that no influence at all could
affect the mind of a member of Parliament. But
of all modes of influence, in my opinion, a place
under the government is the least disgraceful to the
man who holds it, and by far the most safe to the
country. I would not shut out that sort of influence
which is open and visible, which is connected with
the dignity and the service of the state, when it
is not in my power to prevent the influence of contracts,
of subscriptions, of direct bribery, and those innumerable
methods of clandestine corruption, which are abundantly
in the hands of the court, and which will be applied
as long as these means of corruption, and the disposition
to be corrupted, have existence amongst us. Our
constitution stands on a nice equipoise, with steep
precipices and deep waters upon all sides of it.
In removing it from a dangerous leaning towards one